ArticleBMC public health2021
Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Potential predictors affecting outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of support programs for parents of young adults with hazardous substance use.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Trial
- The Kush Drug Epidemic in Sierra Leone: Public Health Implications, Socioeconomic Drivers and Health System Responses.Public health challenges · 2026Review
- Family functioning and adolescent risk perception of opioid misuse: A cross-sectional study.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2026Article
- Parental Substance Use Modeling and Monthly Alcohol, Cannabis, and E-Cigarette Use Among Female Adolescents and Young Adults.Translational issues in psychological science · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Associations Between Other-Sex Close Friends and Alcohol Use is a Between-, Not Within-, Person Process.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Support system networks: how support systems shape problematic social media use, mental health, and substance use in Czech adolescents.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Gender differences in a causal model of risk factors underlying early alcohol sipping.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Associations among familism, maternal parenting, and weight-related behaviors in Mexican American adolescents: a cross-sectional structural equation modeling study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Exploring the Impact of Perceived Parental Oversight on Problematic Smartphone Use Among Adolescents in the Digital Age: Database Analysis.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2025Article
- Students' Oral Histories on Family Environment and Alcohol Use: A Qualitative Study.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Article
- Exploring Pathways from Childhood Adversity to Substance Use in Young Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The Association Between Parental Migration and Tobacco Use Among Adolescents in Western China: The Moderation Role of Tobacco Sales Near Schools and Mediation Role of Loneliness.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of core self-evaluation on tobacco and alcohol use among left-behind children: mediating role of fear of missing out and moderating role of parental migration category and gender.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing Illicit Drug Substance Abuse and Its Perceived Psychosocial Impact Among Individuals Undergoing Deaddiction Treatment at Male Drug Rehabilitation Centers of Eastern Nepal.Addiction & health · 2025Article
- Social and Environmental Predictors of Youth Alcohol and Cannabis Initiation Risk: The Moderating Role of Family History of Substance Use Disorders.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Beyond School Climate: Validating the School as a Protective Factor-Brief Survey.The Journal of school health · 2024Article
- A cross-sectional assessment of the influence of information sources about substance use in adolescents' tobacco prevalence.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Methamphetamine (Mkpurummiri) use in south east Nigeria: a community-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Exploring the association between adolescent-perceived parental monitoring on dietary intake.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Perceived parental alcohol problems and drinking patterns among adolescents in Sweden.Addictive behaviors reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundParental support (PS) and parental monitoring (PM) are known protective factors against adolescent substance use (SU). However, little is known about whether PS and PM may affect SU outcomes differently by gender and age. This study examined the relationship between PS and PM and adolescent SU, specifically alcohol and tobacco use, stratified by gender and age group.
methodsMiddle and high school students (n = 2351, 48.5% Female) completed surveys of self-reported SU, perceived PS and PM, and socioeconomic background. Age group was defined dichotomously as grade 7-8 Middle school and grade 9-10 High school students. PS and PM were each measured using previously validated tools. SU was measured by lifetime and past 30 days cigarette/alcohol use. One-way ANOVA and binary logistic regression models were completed. Odds ratios and means were reported.
resultsPS and PM were significantly and negatively related to all outcome variables regardless of gender and age group. Mean differences in PS and PM were insignificant between age groups. Between genders, PM scores were significantly higher for girls (14.05) compared to boys (13.48) (p < 0.01). Odds Ratios of all four SU types (for alcohol and tobacco use) increased with higher age group, with ORs ranging from 1.45-2.61 (p < .05).
conclusionsPS and PM were protective against SU for all participants, consistent with previous literature. Girls reported greater parental monitoring than boys, irrespective of age-group. While girls experienced higher levels of monitoring, they did not report lower SU than boys. This suggests that monitoring girls more closely than boys appears unnecessary in preventing adolescent SU. Finally, PS was a more significant factor in preventing SU for older adolescents (high school aged group) than for younger adolescents, irrespective of gender suggesting that PS may be more impactful and important as adolescents age. As children mature, particularly from middle school to high school, PS may play a larger role in preventing SU for older adolescents compared to younger ones.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.