ArticleBMC health services research2021
The underlying factors of excess mortality in 2020: a cross-country analysis of pre-pandemic healthcare conditions and strategies to cope with Covid-19.
Article in BMC health services research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Excess Mortality and Containment Performance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From 34 Countries.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- The Power of 'Publicness' Discourse: An Analysis of Counter-Hegemonic Formation Against Health System Privatisation.Sociology of health & illness · 2025Article
- A novel, scenario-based approach to comparing non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies across nations.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Article
- Making sense of national and international disparities in excess mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- The effect of adaptive capacity on resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-country analysis.Jamba (Potchefstroom, South Africa) · 2024Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on total, sex- and age-specific all-cause mortality in 20 countries worldwide during 2020: results from the C-MOR project.International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Association of government effectiveness, logistics performance, IT systems and income with COVID-19 mortality.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Interrogating the lack of diversity of thought in the pandemic response that led to mistakes - holistic evidence-based approach to deal with future pandemics.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease in the Province of Quebec, Canada: Outcomes after Two Years of the Pandemic.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- Excess all-cause mortality in the USA and Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020 and 2021.Scientific reports · 2022Observational
- Relationship of frailty with excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-level study in Ontario, Canada.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- The COVID-19 third wave in Myanmar following the military coup.F1000Research · 2022Article
- Assessing the effectiveness of public health interventions for Covid-19 in Greece and Cyprus.European policy analysis · 2022Article
- The influence of democracy, governance and government policies on the COVID-19 pandemic mortality.European policy analysis · 2022Article
- Using an online calculator to describe excess mortality in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic.Western Pacific surveillance and response journal : WPSARArticle
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Abstract
backgroundGovernment responses to the pandemic varied in terms of timing, duration, and stringency, seeking to protect healthcare systems, whose pre-pandemic state varied significantly. Therefore, the severity of Covid-19 and, thus, excess mortality have been unequal across counties. This paper explores the geography of excess mortality and its underlying factors in 2020, highlighting the effects of health policies pre-pandemic and strategies devised by governments to cope with Covid-19.
methodsExcess mortality is estimated for 79 high, medium and low-income countries. The factors of excess mortality are examined employing median quantile regression analysis.
resultsHealth privatization, healthcare underfunding, and late implementation of containment and mitigation strategies were powerful drivers of excess mortality. By contrast, the results suggest a negative association of excess mortality with health expenditure, number of doctors and hospital beds, share of population covered by health insurance and test and trace capacity.
conclusionsThe evidence highlights the importance of sufficiently funded healthcare systems with universal access and strong primary healthcare in the battle against the pandemic. An early response to Covid-19, including borders' controls and a strong test and trace capacity, could improve epidemiological surveillance and minimize excess mortality, with stringent and lengthy lockdowns not providing a significant benefit.
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