ArticlePloS one2021
'We dry contaminated meat to make it safe': An assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices on anthrax during an outbreak, Kisumu, Kenya, 2019.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward anthrax prevention and control in Ethiopia: Implication for a one health policy.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Urban Consumers in Low-Income and Lower-Middle-Income Countries (LLMICs): A Scoping Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Awareness of anthrax disease and the knowledge of its transmission and symtoms identification: A cross sectional study among butchers in ile-ife.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on anthrax in selected game management areas in Zambia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding anthrax among affected communities, Kazo district, South-Western uganda, May 2022.BMC public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAnthrax is the highest-ranked priority zoonotic disease in Kenya with about ten human cases annually. Anthrax outbreak was reported in Kisumu East Sub County after some villagers slaughtered and ate beef from a cow suspected to have died of anthrax. We aimed at establishing the magnitude of the outbreak, described associated factors, and assessed community knowledge, attitude, and practices on anthrax.
methodsWe reviewed human and animal records, conducted case search and contact tracing using standard case definitions in the period from July 1through to July 28, 2019. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess community knowledge, attitude, and practices towards anthrax. The household selection was done using multistage sampling. We cleaned and analyzed data in Ms. Excel and Epi Info. Descriptive statistics were carried out for continuous and categorical variables while analytical statistics for the association between dependent and independent variables were calculated.
resultsOut of 53 persons exposed through consumption or contact with suspicious beef, 23 cases (confirmed: 1, probable: 4, suspected: 18) were reviewed. The proportion of females was 52.17% (12/23), median age 13.5 years and range 45 years. The attack rate was 43.4% (23/53) and the case fatality rate was 4.35% (1/23). Knowledge level, determined by dividing those considered to be 'having good knowledge' on anthrax (numerator) by the total number of respondents (denominator) in the population regarding cause, transmission, symptoms and prevention was 51% for human anthrax and 52% for animal anthrax. Having good knowledge on anthrax was associated with rural residence [OR = 5.5 (95% CI 2.1-14.4; p<0.001)], having seen a case of anthrax [OR = 6.2 (95% CI 2.8-14.2; p<0.001)] and among those who present cattle for vaccination [OR = 2.6 (95% CI 1.2-5.6; p = 0.02)]. About 23.2% (26/112) would slaughter and sell beef to neighbors while 63.4% (71/112) would bury or burn the carcass. Nearly 93.8% (105/112) believed vaccination prevents anthrax. However, 5.4% (62/112) present livestock for vaccination.
conclusionMost anthrax exposures were through meat consumption. Poor knowledge of the disease might hamper prevention and control efforts.
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