ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2021
Rapid assessment of SARS-CoV-2-evolved variants using virus-like particles.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 233 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
233 citing papers in PubMed.
- Secreted ORF8 reprograms macrophages to enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection of lung epithelial cells.Science advances · 2026Article
- Circulating cholesterol fuels SARS-CoV-2 replication via ORF3a.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 defective viral genomes from distinct genomic regions drive divergent interferon responses.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid induces hyperinflammation and vascular leakage through the Toll-like receptor signaling axis in macrophages.Science advances · 2026Article
- Direct lipid interactions control SARS-CoV-2 M protein conformational dynamics and virus assembly.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Identification of the SARS-CoV-2 genome packaging signal in the nsp12-coding region.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Unveiling the Structural and Mechanical Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Using Atomic Force Microscopy.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- A decoy virus strategy using plant-produced SARS-CoV-2 virus-like-particles to inhibit infection and lung injury.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Secreted ORF8 reprograms macrophages to enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection of lung epithelial cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- BST-2 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 egress at intracellular membranes and is neutralized by ORF7a.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein recruits PP2A to dephosphorylate the nucleocapsid and promote virion production.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein variants have differential RNA chaperone activity.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- CGM23 corresponds to a pan-coronavirus lipopeptide inhibitor potently inhibiting virion fusion.iScience · 2026Article
- Evolution of a truncated nucleocapsid protein enhances SARS-CoV-2 fitness by suppressing antiviral responses.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Structural mimics of SARS-CoV-2.Infection · 2026Review
- Research progress of nucleocapsid protein of novel coronavirus: structure, function and targeted therapy.Archives of virology · 2026Review
- Coronavirus genome packaging and nucleocapsid assembly.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Regulation of virion production by the ORF8 signal peptide across SARS-CoV-2 variants.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 S assembly into virions facilitated by host ERM proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
173 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Efforts to determine why new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants demonstrate improved fitness have been limited to analyzing mutations in the spike (S) protein with the use of S-pseudotyped particles. In this study, we show that SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (SC2-VLPs) can package and deliver exogenous transcripts, enabling analysis of mutations within all structural proteins and at multiple steps in the viral life cycle. In SC2-VLPs, four nucleocapsid (N) mutations found universally in more-transmissible variants independently increased messenger RNA delivery and expression ~10-fold, and in a reverse genetics model, the serine-202→arginine (S202R) and arginine-203→methionine (R203M) mutations each produced >50 times as much virus. SC2-VLPs provide a platform for rapid testing of viral variants outside of a biosafety level 3 setting and demonstrate N mutations and particle assembly to be mechanisms that could explain the increased spread of variants, including B.1.617.2 (Delta, which contains the R203M mutation).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.