ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2021
Effect of exposure to antibiotics on the gut microbiome and biochemical indexes of pregnant women.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association between Prenatal Antibiotic Use and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders among Children: An Updated Meta-Analysis.Current pediatric reviews · 2026Pooled it
- The Effect of Probiotics on Health in Pregnancy and Infants: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Effect of Probiotics on the Gut-Mammary Pathway: Implications on Infant Microbiota Transfer and Development.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Antibiotic Exposure and Early Reproductive Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) in a Chinese Couple-Based Preconception Cohort.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Composition of the fecal, vaginal and colostrum microbiotas of dams at parturition and their relationship with neonatal outcomes in dogs.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Maternal Antibiotic Exposure and the Risk of Developing Antenatal Depressive Symptoms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Effects of Varied Sulfamethazine Dosage and Exposure Durations on Offspring Mice.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Early life gut microbiome in children following spontaneous preterm birth and maternal preeclampsia.iScience · 2023Article
- Bidirectional Interaction between Tetracyclines and Gut Microbiome.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Impact of Maternal Gut Microbiota during Pregnancy on Fetal Gut-Brain Axis Development and Life-Long Health Outcomes.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- The Association of Prenatal Antibiotic Use with Attention Deficit and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Prenatal exposure to Hurricane Maria is associated with an altered infant nasal microbiome.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionExposure to antibiotics (ABX) during pregnancy can have a systematic effect on both fetal and maternal health. Although previous biomonitoring studies have indicated the effects on children of extensive exposure to ABX, studies on pregnant women remain scarce. To explore the effect on pregnant women of environmental exposure to ABX through accidental ingestion and identify potential health risks, the present study investigated 122 pregnant women in East China between 2019 and 2020. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThe presence of six categories of ABX (quinolones, sulfonamides, lincosamides, tetracyclines, amide alcohol ABX, and β-lactams) in plasma samples taken from the pregnant women was investigated using an ABX kit and a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay.
resultsAll six ABX were detected in the plasma, with a detection rate of 17.2%. It was discovered that the composition of intestinal flora in pregnant women exposed to ABX was different from that of pregnant women who had not been exposed to ABX. The intestinal flora of pregnant women exposed to ABX also changed at both the phylum and genus levels, and several genera almost disappeared. Furthermore, the metabolic levels of glucose and insulin and the alpha diversity of pregnant women exposed to ABX were higher than those of pregnant women not exposed to ABX.
conclusionPregnant women are potentially at higher risk of adverse microbial effects. Glucose metabolism and insulin levels were generally higher in pregnant women exposed to ABX than in unexposed women. Also, the composition and color of the gut microbiome changed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.