Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34731644›Full record

ArticleMolecular cell2021

Transcriptional and chromatin-based partitioning mechanisms uncouple protein scaling from cell size.

Matthew P Swaffer, Jacob Kim, Devon Chandler-Brown, Maurice Langhinrichs, Georgi K Marinov, William J Greenleaf, Anshul Kundaje, Kurt M Schmoller, Jan M Skotheim

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Stochasticity in mammalian cell growth rates drives cell-to-cell variability independently of cell size and divisions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
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  8. A Fkh1/2 binding site array in thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  12. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Matthew P SwafferDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Jacob KimDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Devon Chandler-BrownDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Maurice LanghinrichsDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Georgi K MarinovDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
William J GreenleafDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Anshul KundajeDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Kurt M SchmollerDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Jan M SkotheimDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: skotheim@stanford.edu.
Stanford University · USHelmholtz Zentrum München · DE

Funding

Determining how cell growth triggers cell divisionR35GM134858 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Jan M Skotheim · 2020 to 2026
$4.1M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM134858
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biosynthesis scales with cell size such that protein concentrations generally remain constant as cells grow. As an exception, synthesis of the cell-cycle inhibitor Whi5 "sub-scales" with cell size so that its concentration is lower in larger cells to promote cell-cycle entry. Here, we find that transcriptional control uncouples Whi5 synthesis from cell size, and we identify histones as the major class of sub-scaling transcripts besides WHI5 by screening for similar genes. Histone synthesis is thereby matched to genome content rather than cell size. Such sub-scaling proteins are challenged by asymmetric cell division because proteins are typically partitioned in proportion to newborn cell volume. To avoid this fate, Whi5 uses chromatin-binding to partition similar protein amounts to each newborn cell regardless of cell size. Disrupting both Whi5 synthesis and chromatin-based partitioning weakens G1 size control. Thus, specific transcriptional and partitioning mechanisms determine protein sub-scaling to control cell size.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, FungalTranscription, GeneticCell CycleChromatinComputational BiologyHistonesHomeostasisIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescencePromoter Regions, GeneticRegression AnalysisRepressor ProteinsRNA, MessengerSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsSchizosaccharomycesChromatinHistonesRepressor ProteinsRNA, MessengerSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsWhi5 protein, S cerevisiaecell cyclecell sizecell size controlgene expressionscaling

Identifiers

PMID34731644
PMCPMC8642314
OpenAlexW3208698634

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.