ArticleCell reports2021
Global characterization of macrophage polarization mechanisms and identification of M2-type polarization inhibitors.
Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 205 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
205 citing papers in PubMed, 329 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Super-enhancer-driven SGK1 activates polyamine metabolism to promote autoimmune uveitis.Science advances · 2026Article
- The Brucella effector protein BtpB facilitates STAT3 activation to regulate polarization in macrophages during infection.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Muscularis EGR1 Deficiency Impairs M2 Macrophage Polarization and Disrupts Gastric Motility in Diabetic Gastroparesis.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Article
- Efficient Sensing of a 4-Segmented Rift Valley Fever Virus Vaccine Candidate by Human Monocytes.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Myeloid GHSR Deficiency Protects Against Endotoxemia via Macrophage Mitochondrial Reprogramming.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Light-driven thermotropic hydrogel with nanomodulator enables lipid intervention and cavity delivery for postsurgical tumor therapy.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Capturing the dynamics of STAT6 macrophage polarization using bioluminescence temporal signatures.Cell systems · 2026Article
- IFITM3 promotes an M2-like tumor-supportive microenvironment in acute myeloid leukemia.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Integrin-mediated mechanotransduction in the tumor microenvironment: macrophage-centered signaling mechanisms and immune remodeling.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal Sequential Delivery of Chidamide Regulates Macrophage Reprogramming in Lymphoma Microenvironment Through HDACs-STAT3 Pathway.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Epigenetics-mediated pathological alterations and their diagnostic and therapeutic potential in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Review
- Fabrication of RADA32/Ngf_EE/MSCs composite hydrogel and its protective mechanism against radiation-induced ototoxicity.iScience · 2026Article
- Matrix Bound Nanovesicles Modulatory Effect of Inflammation In Vitro in THP-1 Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Engineering a PD-L1-sensing synthetic receptor for programmable macrophage response.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Article
- Advances in the study of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc degeneration.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Molecular Regulation of HIV-1 Expression and Persistence Across Diverse Cellular Reservoirs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- IL-27-Ucp2-FoxO3 axis mediating the polarization of alternatively activated macrophages and ameliorating inflammatory pain.The Korean journal of pain · 2026Article
- A preliminary single-cell map of endometriosis suggests roles for fibroblast metabolism and macrophage polarization in disease progression.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
145 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophages undergoing M1- versus M2-type polarization differ significantly in their cell metabolism and cellular functions. Here, global quantitative time-course proteomics and phosphoproteomics paired with transcriptomics provide a comprehensive characterization of temporal changes in cell metabolism, cellular functions, and signaling pathways that occur during the induction phase of M1- versus M2-type polarization. Significant differences in, especially, metabolic pathways are observed, including changes in glucose metabolism, glycosaminoglycan metabolism, and retinoic acid signaling. Kinase-enrichment analysis shows activation patterns of specific kinases that are distinct in M1- versus M2-type polarization. M2-type polarization inhibitor drug screens identify drugs that selectively block M2- but not M1-type polarization, including mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. These datasets provide a comprehensive resource to identify specific signaling and metabolic pathways that are critical for macrophage polarization. In a proof-of-principle approach, we use these datasets to show that MEK signaling is required for M2-type polarization by promoting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ)-induced retinoic acid signaling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.