ReviewBreast cancer research and treatment2022
Breast cancer immune microenvironment: from pre-clinical models to clinical therapies.
Review in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- GALNT1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic profiles from normal and tumor tissue samples reveal distinct venule populations and novel tumor endothelial cell markers in breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- The purinergic signaling interfaces in breast cancer angiogenesis.Purinergic signalling · 2026Review
- BNIP3 is a key driver of breast cancer progression and a novel glycolysis-regulating biomarker.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The SLC26A4-AS1/NTRK2 axis in breast cancer: insights into the ceRNA network and implications for prognosis and immune microenvironment.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Clinical utility of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte evaluation by two different methods in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Natural killer cells occupy unique spatial neighborhoods in HER2Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Examining the influence of tumor-infiltrating macrophages on breast cancer outcomes and identifying relevant genes for diagnostic purposes.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Guardians and Mediators of Metastasis: Exploring T Lymphocytes, Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, and Tumor-Associated Macrophages in the Breast Cancer Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer Progression.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2024Review
- Role of cancer stem cell ecosystem on breast cancer metastasis and related mouse models.Zoological research · 2024Review
- Clinical Relevance of Tumour-Infiltrating Immune Cells in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Breast cancer organoids and their applications for precision cancer immunotherapy.World journal of surgical oncology · 2023Review
- A novel immune score model predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy response of breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Targeting the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in breast cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- The complex nature of heterogeneity and its roles in breast cancer biology and therapeutic responsiveness.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Implantable Devices for the Treatment of Breast Cancer.Journal of nanotheranostics · 2022Article
- An immunogenic cell death-associated classification predictions are important for breast invasive carcinoma prognosis and immunotherapy.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Patient-derived cancer models: Valuable platforms for anticancer drug testing.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The breast cancer tumour microenvironment (BC-TME) is characterized by significant cellular and spatial heterogeneity that has important clinical implications and can affect response to therapy. There is a growing need to develop methods that reliably quantify and characterize the BC-TME and model its composition and functions in experimental systems, in the hope of developing new treatments for patients. In this review, we examine the role of immune-activating cells (including tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and natural killer cells) and immune inhibitory cells (including T regulatory cells, tumour-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells) in the BC-TME. We summarize methods being used to characterize the microenvironment, with specific attention to pre-clinical models including co-cultures, organoids, and genetically modified and humanized mouse models. Finally, we explore the implications and applications of existing preclinical data for drug development and highlight several drugs designed to alter the BC-TME in order to improve treatment outcomes for patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34731350What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.