Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34730516›Full record

ArticleeLife2021

Rotational dynamics in motor cortex are consistent with a feedback controller.

Hari Teja Kalidindi, Kevin P Cross, Timothy P Lillicrap, Mohsen Omrani, Egidio Falotico, Philip N Sabes, Stephen H Scott

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  6. Motor Cortical Output Integrates Distorted Proprioceptive Feedback.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  7. Motor cortex flexibly deploys a high-dimensional repertoire of subskills.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
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  20. Preparatory activity and the expansive null-space.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hari Teja Kalidindi *The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2634-7953
Kevin P Cross *Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9820-1043
Timothy P LillicrapCentre for Computation, Mathematics and Physics, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Mohsen OmraniCentre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-0461-1947
Egidio FaloticoThe BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
Philip N SabesDepartment of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8397-6225
Stephen H ScottCentre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8821-1843

Funding

CIHR PJT-159559
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent studies have identified rotational dynamics in motor cortex (MC), which many assume arise from intrinsic connections in MC. However, behavioral and neurophysiological studies suggest that MC behaves like a feedback controller where continuous sensory feedback and interactions with other brain areas contribute substantially to MC processing. We investigated these apparently conflicting theories by building recurrent neural networks that controlled a model arm and received sensory feedback from the limb. Networks were trained to counteract perturbations to the limb and to reach toward spatial targets. Network activities and sensory feedback signals to the network exhibited rotational structure even when the recurrent connections were removed. Furthermore, neural recordings in monkeys performing similar tasks also exhibited rotational structure not only in MC but also in somatosensory cortex. Our results argue that rotational structure may also reflect dynamics throughout the voluntary motor system involved in online control of motor actions.

Indexed as

AnimalsFeedback, SensoryMacaca mulattaModels, NeurologicalMotor CortexSomatosensory Cortexcomputational biologyfeedback controlfronto-parietal circuitsmotor cortexneurosciencepopulation dynamicsrecurrent neural networksrhesus macaquesystems biology

Identifiers

PMID34730516
PMCPMC8691841

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.