ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2022
Training in Safe Opioid Prescribing and Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder in Internal Medicine Residencies: a National Survey of Program Directors.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cost-Effectiveness of Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy and Its Impact on Birth Outcomes.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- An evaluation of an inpatient opioid use disorder consult service elective for medical trainees.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- To the Editor: Let This Be the Last Call to Action to Train Residents in Addiction.Journal of graduate medical education · 2024Article
- Inpatient pain assessment and decision-making in internal medicine and general surgery residents: A qualitative analysis.Heliyon · 2024Article
- A substance use disorder training curriculum for internal medicine residents using resident-empaneled patients.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Harm reduction in undergraduate and graduate medical education: a systematic scoping review.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- Buprenorphine for Chronic Pain Management: a Narrative Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2023Review
- Will the End of the X-Waiver Expand Access to Buprenorphine Treatment? Achieving the Full Potential of the 2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act.Substance abuse · 2023Article
- Opioid Use Disorder Curriculum: Preclerkship Pharmacology Case-Based Learning Session.MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTraining future clinicians in safe opioid prescribing (SOP) and treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) is critical to address the opioid epidemic. The Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education requires all programs to provide instruction and experience in pain management and will mandate addiction medicine clinical experiences for internal medicine trainees.
objectiveAssess residents' training in SOP and treatment of OUD and identify training barriers.
designCross-sectional nationally representative survey was emailed in 2019.
participantsFour hundred twenty-two Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine members in US internal medicine residency programs. MAIN MEASURES: Program opportunities and challenges to developing or implementing training in SOP, treatment of OUD, and buprenorphine waiver training, and perceived curricular effectiveness. KEY
resultsThe response rate was 69.4% (293/422). Most programs required didactics in SOP (94.2%) and treatment of OUD (71.7%). Few programs required clinical experiences including addiction medicine clinics (28/240, 11.7%), inpatient consult services (11/240, 4.6%), or offsite treatment rotations (8/240, 3.3%). Lack of trained faculty limited developing or implementing curricula (61.5%). Few respondents reported that their program was "very effective" in teaching SOP (80/285, 28.1%) or treatment of OUD (43/282, 15.3%). Some programs offered buprenorphine waiver training to residents (83/286, 29.0%) and faculty (94/286, 32.9%) with few mandating training (11.7% (28/240) and 5.4% (13/240) respectively). Only 60 of 19,466 (0.3%) residents completed buprenorphine waiver training. Primary care programs/tracks were more likely to offer waiver training to residents (odds ratio [OR], 3.07; 95% CI, 1.68-5.60; P < 0.001) and faculty (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-3.22; P = 0.05).
conclusionsIn this nationally representative survey, few internal medicine residency programs provided clinical training in SOP and treatment of OUD, and training was not viewed as very effective. Lack of effective training may have adverse implications for patients, clinicians, and society.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.