ArticleThe lancet. Healthy longevity2021
Effects of apolipoprotein B on lifespan and risks of major diseases including type 2 diabetes: a mendelian randomisation analysis using outcomes in first-degree relatives.
Article in The lancet. Healthy longevity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07575438 (Role of EPA and DHA as Tailored Therapy for People Living With Obesity and High-risk for Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Role of EPA and DHA as Tailored Therapy for People Living With Obesity and High-risk for Type 2 Diabetes (END-T2D): a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tracking of apolipoprotein B levels measured in childhood and adolescence: systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Combined ProbioticMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Trial
- EPA and DHA inhibit LDL-induced upregulation of human adipose tissue NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway and its association with diabetes risk factors.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Genetic trade-offs in fertility and longevity explain the maintenance of disease-associated alleles in humans.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Excess apolipoprotein B predicts long-term survival in statin-treated CAD irrespective of achieved LDL-C levels: a pooled cohort analysis.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles modulate skin aging biomarkers in a 3D reconstructed full-thickness skin model.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Polygenic score for sleep duration in relation to the risk of Alzheimer's disease: results from the UK biobank.Frontiers in dementia · 2026Article
- Iron-lipid crosstalk in the progression from gestational diabetes to preeclampsia: proteomic discovery and targeted validation.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- HLA-DRB1*15:01 is associated with a reduced likelihood of longevity in northern European men.Genome medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship of genetic signature for cardiometabolic risk with biomarkers of inflammatory and oxidative stress in diabetic patients.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Adipocyte metabolic state regulates glial phagocytic function.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Review
- The Effect of SGLT2 Inhibition on Brain-related Phenotypes and Aging: A Drug Target Mendelian Randomization Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Metabolic transition from childhood to adulthood based on two decades of biochemical time series in three longitudinal cohorts.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Genomic and ancestral variations linked to the development of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Indian populations.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Genetic Associations of Lipids and Lipid-Modifying Drug Targets With Type 2 Diabetes in the Chinese Population.JACC. Asia · 2024Article
- Psychosocial moderators of polygenic risk scores of inflammatory biomarkers in relation to GrimAge.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Mendelian randomization reveals apolipoprotein B shortens healthspan and possibly increases risk for Alzheimer's disease.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Dyslipidemia: A Narrative Review on Pharmacotherapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundApolipoprotein B (apoB) is emerging as the crucial lipoprotein trait for the role of lipoprotein lipids in the aetiology of coronary heart disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects of genetically predicted apoB on outcomes in first-degree relatives.
methodsData on lipoprotein lipids and disease outcomes in first-degree relatives were obtained from the UK Biobank study. We did a univariable mendelian randomisation analysis using a weighted genetic instrument for apoB. For outcomes with which apoB was associated at a false discovery rate (FDR) of less than 5%, multivariable mendelian randomisation analyses were done, including genetic instruments for LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Associations between apoB and self-reported outcomes in first-degree relatives were characterised for 12 diseases (including heart disease, stroke, and hypertension) and parental vital status together with age at death. Estimates were inferred causal effects per 1 SD elevated lipoprotein trait (for apoB, 1 SD=0·24 g/L). Replication of estimates for lifespan and type 2 diabetes was done using conventional two-sample mendelian randomisation with summary estimates from genome-wide association study consortia.
findingsIn univariable mendelian randomisation, genetically elevated apoB in participants was identified to lead to a shorter lifespan in parents (fathers: 0·89 years of life lost per 1 SD higher apoB in offspring, 95% CI 0·63-1·16, FDR-adjusted p=4·0 × 10
interpretationHigher apoB shortens lifespan, increases risks of heart disease and stroke, and in multivariable analyses that account for LDL cholesterol, increases risk of diabetes.
fundingBritish Heart Foundation, UK Medical Research Council, and UK Research and Innovation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.