Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34729214›Full record

ReviewEnvironmental epigenetics2021

Role of environmentally induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance in evolutionary biology: Unified Evolution Theory.

Michael K Skinner, Eric E Nilsson

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Environmental epigenetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Endocrine Disruptors and Gynecological Malignancies.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Epigenomes · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Costs of molecular adaptation to the chemical exposome: a focus on xenobiotic metabolism pathways.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Michael K SkinnerCenter for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8224-2078
Eric E NilssonCenter for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-4054
Washington State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The current evolutionary biology theory primarily involves genetic alterations and random DNA sequence mutations to generate the phenotypic variation required for Darwinian natural selection to act. This neo-Darwinian evolution is termed the Modern Evolution Synthesis and has been the primary paradigm for nearly 100 years. Although environmental factors have a role in neo-Darwinian natural selection, Modern Evolution Synthesis does not consider environment to impact the basic molecular processes involved in evolution. An Extended Evolutionary Synthesis has recently developed that extends the modern synthesis to consider non-genetic processes. Over the past few decades, environmental epigenetics research has been demonstrated to regulate genetic processes and directly generate phenotypic variation independent of genetic sequence alterations. Therefore, the environment can on a molecular level through non-genetic (i.e. epigenetic) mechanisms directly influence phenotypic variation, genetic variation, inheritance and adaptation. This direct action of the environment to alter phenotype that is heritable is a neo-Lamarckian concept that can facilitate neo-Darwinian (i.e. Modern Synthesis) evolution. The integration of genetics, epigenetics, Darwinian theory, Lamarckian concepts, environment, and epigenetic inheritance provides a paradigm shift in evolution theory. The role of environmental-induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance in evolution is presented to describe a more unified theory of evolutionary biology.

Indexed as

adaptationDarwinepigeneticevolutiongeneticsinheritanceLamarckmolecularphenotypereviewtransgenerational

Identifiers

PMID34729214
PMCPMC8557805
OpenAlexW3210047912

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.