Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34728449›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2021

A co-design study to develop supportive interventions to improve psychological and social adaptation among adults with new-onset type 1 diabetes in Denmark and the UK.

Mette Due-Christensen, Lene Eide Joensen, Sophie Sarre, Ewa Romanczuk, Julie Lindberg Wad, Rita Forde, Glenn Robert, Ingrid Willaing, Angus Forbes

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Developing an Intervention for Safe Hospital Insulin Use for Older Adults With Diabetes Undergoing Surgical Admission (SHINE Study): A Co-Design Study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
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  7. 'Why, Can I Not Have Control of My Own Insulin?': Qualitative Exploration Amongst Older Adults With Diabetes With Lived Experience of Surgical Hospital Admission.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mette Due-ChristensenHealth Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark mdue0015@regionh.dk.ORCID 0000-0003-2604-3730
Lene Eide JoensenHealth Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
Sophie SarreFlorence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.
Ewa RomanczukSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense Universitetshospital, Odense, Denmark.
Julie Lindberg WadHealth Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
Rita FordeFlorence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.
Glenn RobertFlorence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8781-6675
Ingrid WillaingHealth Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
Angus ForbesFlorence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3331-755X
Steno Diabetes Centers · DKKing's College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo develop supportive interventions for adults with new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) to facilitate positive adaptive strategies during their transition into a life with diabetes.

designThe study used a co-design approach informed by Design Thinking to stimulate participants' reflections on their experiences of current care and generate ideas for new supportive interventions. Visual illustrations were used to depict support needs and challenges. Initial discussions of these needs and challenges were facilitated by researchers and people with diabetes in workshops. Data comprising transcribed audio recordings of the workshop discussions and materials generated during the workshops were analysed thematically. SETTINGS: Specialised diabetes centres in Denmark and the United Kingdom.

participantsAdults with new-onset T1D (n=24) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) (n=56) participated in six parallel workshops followed by four joint workshops with adults (n=29) and HCPs (n=24) together.

resultsThe common solution prioritised by both adults with new-onset T1D and HCP participants was the development of an integrated model of care addressing the psychological and social elements of the diagnosis, alongside information on diabetes self-management. Participants also indicated a need to develop the organisation, provision and content of care, along with the skills HCPs need to optimally deliver that care. The co-designed interventions included three visual conversation tools that could be used flexibly in the care of adults with new-onset T1D to support physical, psychological and social adaptation to T1D.

conclusionThis co-design study has identified the care priorities for adults who develop T1D, along with some practical conversational tools that may help guide HCPs in attending to the disruptive experience of the diagnosis and support adults in adjusting into a life with diabetes.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1AdultCommunicationDenmarkHealth PersonnelHumansUnited Kingdomdiabetes & endocrinologygeneral diabetesqualitative research

Identifiers

PMID34728449
PMCPMC8565545
OpenAlexW3208384376

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.