Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34727721›Full record

ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2021

Overcoming racism in the twin spheres of conservation science and practice.

Lauren F Rudd, Shorna Allred, Julius G Bright Ross, Darragh Hare, Merlyn Nomusa Nkomo, Kartik Shanker, Tanesha Allen, Duan Biggs, Amy Dickman, Michael Dunaway and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. How identity bias affects perceptions of conservation messages on social media.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Five principles to enhance conversations about conservation.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Avoiding an impending collision in international conservation.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Perspectives on inclusion, safety, and belonging from members of the North American LGBTQIA+ conservation community.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2024
    Article
  12. Creating constellations of coexistence through connections between people in human-wildlife conflict areas.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Contemporary Cultural Trade of Lion Body Parts.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Lauren F RuddDepartment of Zoology, Oxford University, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5925-9514
Shorna AllredCenter for Conservation Social Sciences, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6237-0638
Julius G Bright RossDepartment of Zoology, Oxford University, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2454-1592
Darragh HareDepartment of Zoology, Oxford University, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4418-9637
Merlyn Nomusa NkomoFitzpatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-0609-0153
Kartik ShankerCentre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, India.ORCID 0000-0003-4856-0093
Tanesha AllenDepartment of Zoology, Oxford University, UK.
Duan BiggsEnvironmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Australia.
Amy DickmanDepartment of Zoology, Oxford University, UK.
Michael DunawayDepartment of Sociology, Syracuse University, USA.
Ritwick GhoshGlobal Futures Laboratory, Arizona State University, USA.
Nicole Thompson GonzálezDepartment of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3195-1277
Thembela KepeDepartment of Geography, University of Toronto, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1807-0387
Moreangels M MbizahWildlife Conservation Action, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0000-0002-6868-052X
Sara L MiddletonDepartment of Zoology, Oxford University, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5307-8029
Meera Anna OommenDakshin Foundation, India.
Kumar PaudelGreenhood Nepal, Nepal.
Claudio Sillero-ZubiriDepartment of Zoology, Oxford University, UK.
Andrea DávalosBiological Sciences Department, SUNY Cortland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3590-4152

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It is time to acknowledge and overcome conservation's deep-seated systemic racism, which has historically marginalized Black, Indigenous and people of colour (BIPOC) communities and continues to do so. We describe how the mutually reinforcing 'twin spheres' of conservation science and conservation practice perpetuate this systemic racism. We trace how institutional structures in conservation science (e.g. degree programmes, support and advancement opportunities, course syllabuses) can systematically produce conservation graduates with partial and problematic conceptions of conservation's history and contemporary purposes. Many of these graduates go on to work in conservation practice, reproducing conservation's colonial history by contributing to programmes based on outmoded conservation models that disproportionately harm rural BIPOC communities and further restrict access and inclusion for BIPOC conservationists. We provide practical, actionable proposals for breaking vicious cycles of racism in the system of conservation we have with virtuous cycles of inclusion, equality, equity and participation in the system of conservation we want.

Indexed as

RacismHumansSystemic Racismanti-racismBIPOCcolonialismdiversityequityinclusion

Identifiers

PMID34727721
PMCPMC8564623

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.