Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34727317›Full record

Trial reportAdvances in therapy2022

Long-Term Survival, Safety and Tolerability with Selexipag in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Results from GRIPHON and its Open-Label Extension.

Nazzareno Galiè, Sean Gaine, Richard Channick, J Gerry Coghlan, Marius M Hoeper, Irene M Lang, Vallerie V McLaughlin, Cheryl Lassen, Lewis J Rubin, Shu-Fang Hsu Schmitz and 3 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Advances in therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01106014 phase3completednot on this map

A Multicenter, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase 3 Study Assessing the Safety and Efficacy of Selexipag on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

TypeinterventionalSponsorActelionRan2009 to 2014Enrolled1,156ConditionsPulmonary Arterial HypertensionArmsSelexipag, Placebo
NCT01112306 phase3completednot on this map

Long-term Single-arm Open-label Study, to Assess the Safety and Tolerability of ACT-293987 in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

TypeinterventionalSponsorActelionRan2010 to 2021Enrolled709ConditionsPulmonary Arterial HypertensionArmsACT-293987
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Management of pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis: from classical treatments to new horizons.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Pooled it
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  13. A new day has come: Sotatercept for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Oral Prostacyclin Pathway Agents Used in PAH: A Targeted Literature Review.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2024
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Mechanisms of pulmonary vascular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension and implications for novel therapies.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 12 institutions in 8 countries.

Nazzareno GalièAlma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna and IRCCS-S.Orsola University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy. nazzareno.galie@unibo.it.
Sean GaineMater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Richard ChannickDavid Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Gerry CoghlanRoyal Free Hospital, London, UK.
Marius M HoeperHannover Medical School and German Centre for Lung Research (DZL/BREATH), Hannover, Germany.
Irene M LangMedical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Vallerie V McLaughlinUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Cheryl LassenActelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland.
Lewis J RubinUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA.
Shu-Fang Hsu SchmitzActelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland.
Olivier SitbonHôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Victor F TapsonCedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Kelly M ChinUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
Actelion (Switzerland) · CHCedars-Sinai Medical Center · USMater Misericordiae University Hospital · IEMedical University of Vienna · ATMedizinische Hochschule Hannover · DEThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · USUniversité Paris-Sud · FRUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Bologna · ITUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn the event-driven GRIPHON randomised-controlled trial, the oral prostacyclin receptor agonist selexipag significantly reduced the risk of disease progression (composite primary endpoint of morbidity/mortality), compared with placebo, in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The ongoing open-label extension study (GRIPHON OL) collects further data on long-term safety, tolerability, and survival of PAH patients treated with selexipag.

methodsPatients randomised to selexipag or placebo in GRIPHON could enter GRIPHON OL either after experiencing a morbidity event during double-blind treatment or at the end of the study. Patients were followed for adverse events (AE) and survival from selexipag initiation up to 3 days and 30 days after end of treatment, respectively. Data are presented up to a cut-off date of 1 September 2019.

resultsOverall, 953 patients in GRIPHON and GRIPHON OL were treated with selexipag. At the time of selexipag initiation, 81.2% of patients were receiving background PAH therapy. Median (min, max) exposure to selexipag was 31.7 months (0, 106), corresponding to a total of 3054.4 patient-years. The most frequently reported AEs were related to known prostacyclin-related effects or underlying disease. There were 305 (32.0%) patients who experienced an AE leading to treatment discontinuation. Survival during GRIPHON and GRIPHON OL was assessed for the 574 patients randomised to selexipag in GRIPHON. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates (95%CI) at 1, 3, 5 and 7 years were 92.0% (89.4, 94.0), 79.3% (75.4, 82.6), 71.2% (66.5, 75.3) and 63.0% (57.4, 68.1), respectively.

conclusionsThese results provide the longest follow-up period published to date for a PAH therapy. The safety profile of selexipag over this extended treatment period was consistent with that observed in GRIPHON. A large proportion of the population was receiving background therapy at selexipag initiation, providing further insight into the long-term safety of selexipag as part of a combination therapy regimen.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT01106014 and NCT01112306.

Indexed as

Hypertension, PulmonaryPulmonary Arterial HypertensionAcetamidesAntihypertensive AgentsHumansPyrazinesAcetamidesAntihypertensive AgentsPyrazinesselexipagCombination therapyGRIPHONLong-term outcomesOpen-label extensionPAHPulmonary arterial hypertensionSafetySelexipagSurvivalTolerability

Identifiers

PMID34727317
PMCPMC8799580
OpenAlexW3208029444

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.