ArticleThe Journal of general virology2021
Amino acid substitutions in the H5N1 avian influenza haemagglutinin alter pH of fusion and receptor binding to promote a highly pathogenic phenotype in chickens.
Article in The Journal of general virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Q226L mutation can convert a highly pathogenic H5 2.3.4.4e virus to bind human-type receptors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The Q226L mutation can convert a highly pathogenic H5 2.3.4.4e virus to bind human-type receptors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Pathogenic and Antigenic Analyses of H5N1 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Isolated in the 2022/2023 Season From Poultry Farms in Izumi City, Japan.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Hemagglutinin Subtype Specificity and Mechanisms of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Genesis.Viruses · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses cause devastating outbreaks in farmed poultry with serious consequences for animal welfare and economic losses. Zoonotic infection of humans through close contact with H5N1 infected birds is often severe and fatal. England experienced an outbreak of H5N1 in turkeys in 1991 that led to thousands of farmed bird mortalities. Isolation of clonal populations of one such virus from this outbreak uncovered amino acid differences in the virus haemagglutinin (HA) gene whereby the different genotypes could be associated with distinct pathogenic outcomes in chickens; both low pathogenic (LP) and high pathogenic (HP) phenotypes could be observed despite all containing a multi-basic cleavage site (MBCS) in the HA gene. Using reverse genetics, three amino acid substitutions in HA were examined for their ability to affect pathogenesis in the chicken. Restoration of amino acid polymorphisms close to the receptor binding site that are commonly found in H5 viruses only partially improved viral fitness
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