ArticleeLife2021
Impaired HA-specific T follicular helper cell and antibody responses to influenza vaccination are linked to inflammation in humans.
Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exogenous melatonin boosts vaccine-induced immunity in individuals with high pre-existing influenza immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Targeting T follicular helper cells for lifelong health.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Antiviral CD4Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Influenza vaccine-specific CD4NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- IL-2 silencing enables Tfh cell expansion during vaccination but is redundant for antibody production.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Article
- Altered Cytokine-Induced STAT3 and STAT5 Activation of Peripheral T Follicular Helper Cells Contributes to Vaccine-Non-Responsiveness in Aging and HIV.Aging cell · 2026Article
- The role of T cells in influenza infection and vaccination.Virologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Lymphoid B cells upregulate HIV-1 ex vivo and are linked to its expression in vivo.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Germinal center formation is resilient to CD69 deletion on T follicular helper cells.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Article
- Potential of biomarkers of ageing in predicting severity of influenza virus infection and vaccination efficacy.npj aging · 2025Review
- The inflammaging microenvironment induces dysfunctional rewiring of Tfh cell differentiation.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Review
- Longitudinal single cell profiling of epitope specific memory CD4+ T cell responses to recombinant zoster vaccine.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Human axillary lymph node T follicular helper (Tfh) and Precursor-Tfh cells exhibit functional flexibility following seasonal influenza vaccination.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- B Cells from Aged Mice Do Not Have Intrinsic Defects in Affinity Maturation in Response to Immunization.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Accumulation of immune-suppressive CD4 + T cells in aging - tempering inflammaging at the expense of immunity.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- Atypical B cells and impaired SARS-CoV-2 neutralization following heterologous vaccination in the elderly.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Spatial dysregulation of T follicular helper cells impairs vaccine responses in aging.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Severe respiratory viral infections: T-cell functions diverging from immunity to inflammation.Trends in microbiology · 2023Review
- Targeting the hallmarks of aging to improve influenza vaccine responses in older adults.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Antibody production following vaccination can provide protective immunity to subsequent infection by pathogens such as influenza viruses. However, circumstances where antibody formation is impaired after vaccination, such as in older people, require us to better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underpin successful vaccination in order to improve vaccine design for at-risk groups. Here, by studying the breadth of anti-haemagglutinin (HA) IgG, serum cytokines, and B and T cell responses by flow cytometry before and after influenza vaccination, we show that formation of circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells was associated with high-titre antibody responses. Using Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC) class II tetramers, we demonstrate that HA-specific cTfh cells can derive from pre-existing memory CD4
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.