Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34725944›Full record

SynthesisPharmacology research & perspectives2021

Inter-ethnic differences in pharmacokinetics-is there more that unites than divides?

Olusola Olafuyi, Nikita Parekh, Jacob Wright, Jennifer Koenig

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Pharmacology research & perspectives, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Lipid Metabolism Modulation by a Flavonoid-StandardizedJournal of experimental pharmacology · 2026
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  17. Editorial: Pharmacology Education Special Issue.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026
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  19. Global regulatory variability in small-molecule inhibitor approvals: Differences in timelines, dosing, and pediatric indications across FDA, EMA, and PMDA.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Olusola OlafuyiDivision of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neurosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0501-7413
Nikita ParekhDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King's College London, London, UK.
Jacob WrightCentre for Bioscience Education, King's College London, London, UK.
Jennifer KoenigDivision of Medical Sciences & Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
King's College London · GBUniversity of Nottingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inter-ethnic variability in pharmacokinetics (PK) has been attributed to several factors ranging from genetic to environmental. It is not clear how current teaching in higher education (HE) reflects what published literature suggests on this subject. This study aims to gain insights into current knowledge about inter-ethnic differences in PK based on reports from published literature and current teaching practices in HE. A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus to identify suitable literature to be reviewed. Insights into inter-ethnic differences in PK teaching among educators in HE and industry were determined using a questionnaire. Thirty-one percent of the studies reviewed reported inter-ethnic differences in PK, of these, 37% of authors suggested genetic polymorphism as possible explanation for the inter-ethnic differences observed. Other factors authors proposed included diet and weight differences between ethnicities. Most respondents (80%) who taught inter-ethnic difference in PK attributed inter-ethnic differences to genetic polymorphism. While genetic polymorphism is one source of variability in PK, the teaching of genetic polymorphism is better associated with interindividual variabilities rather than inter-ethnic differences in PK as there are no genes with PK implications specific to any one ethnic group. Nongenetic factors such as diet, weight, and environmental factors, should be highlighted as potential sources of interindividual variation in the PK of drugs.

Indexed as

EthnicityPharmacokineticsEducationHumansPolymorphism, GeneticSurveys and QuestionnairesTeachingenvironmental factorsgenetic polymorphismsinter-ethnic differencespharmacokinetic differences

Identifiers

PMID34725944
PMCPMC8561230
OpenAlexW3209246586

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.