ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2021
Untreated Hypertension and Subsequent Incidence of Colorectal Cancer: Analysis of a Nationwide Epidemiological Database.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early-onset colorectal cancer is associated with metabolic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Pooled it
- The intersection of colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease: shared mechanisms and clinical implications.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- High incidence of colorectal cancer in Japanese individuals with hypertension.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Leveraging Minimal Variables for Maximal Screening Yield: A Global Equity Perspective on Colorectal Cancer Risk Stratification.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Colorectal Polyp Occurrence Associated With the ZMIZ1-AS1 rs704017 Variant and Hypertension Among Taiwan Biobank Participants.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Retinal Vascular Features and Risk of Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Recent updates and perspectives in "Onco-hypertension".Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Review
- Epidemiology and treatment patterns of urachal remnants in adult patients with omphalitis: a nationwide claims-based study in Japan.Surgery today · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular health assessed by Life's Essential 8 score, genetic risk, colonoscopy status, and risk of colorectal cancer: an analysis of UK Biobank.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Article
- Precision prevention of colorectal neoplasia in patients undergoing hemorrhoid surgery: an explainable machine learning model for identifying the risk of precancerous neoplastic polyps.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinical characteristics of colorectal polyps in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high altitude areas.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Racial Impact of Hypertension on Colorectal Cancer Screening in Central Illinois, United States.Cureus · 2025Article
- Examining associations of digestive system cancer with hypertension and diabetes using network analysis in older patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor decreases the risk of colorectal adenoma in the aged with Type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Repurposing hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for colorectal cancer: a retrospective and single center study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Incident Cervical Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of obesity · 2025Article
- Impact of Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index on Future Cancer in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease.Circulation reports · 2024Article
- Impact of Ascending HPV Infection on Colorectal Cancer Risk: Evidence from a Nationwide Study.Microorganisms · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 11 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background Studies of the association of hypertension with incident colorectal cancer (CRC) may have been confounded by including individuals taking antihypertensive medication, at high risk for CRC (ie, colorectal polyps and inflammatory bowel disease), or with shared risk factors (eg, obesity and diabetes). We assessed whether adults with untreated hypertension are at higher risk for incident CRC compared with those with normal blood pressure (BP), and whether any association is evident among individuals without obesity or metabolic abnormalities. Methods and Results Analyses were conducted using a nationwide health claims database collected in the JMDC Claims Database between 2005 and 2018 (n=2 220 112; mean age, 44.1±11.0 years; 58.4% men). Participants who were taking antihypertensive medications or had a history of CRC, colorectal polyps, or inflammatory bowel disease were excluded. Each participant was categorized as having normal BP (systolic BP [SBP]<120 mm Hg and diastolic BP [DBP] <80 mm Hg, n=1 164 807), elevated BP (SBP 120-129 mm Hg and DBP <80 mm Hg, n=341 273), stage 1 hypertension (SBP 130-139 mm Hg or DBP 80-89 mm Hg, n=466 298), or stage 2 hypertension (SBP ≥140 mm Hg or DBP ≥90 mm Hg, n=247 734). Over a mean follow-up of 1112±854 days, 6899 incident CRC diagnoses occurred. After multivariable adjustment, compared with normal BP, hazard ratios for incident CRC were 0.93 (95% CI, 0.85-1.01) for elevated BP, 1.07 (95% CI, 0.99-1.15) for stage 1 hypertension, and 1.17 (95% CI, 1.08-1.28) for stage 2 hypertension. The hazard ratios for incident CRC for each 10-mm Hg-higher SBP or DBP were 1.04 (95% CI, 1.02-1.06) and 1.06 (95% CI, 1.03-1.09), respectively. These associations were present among adults who did not have obesity, high waist circumference, diabetes, or dyslipidemia. Conclusions Higher SBP and DBP, and stage 2 hypertension are associated with a higher risk for incident CRC, even among those without shared risk factors for CRC. BP measurement could identify individuals at increased risk for subsequent CRC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.