Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34724712›Full record

ArticleMedical physics2021

Deep learning-based motion tracking using ultrasound images.

Xianjin Dai, Yang Lei, Justin Roper, Yue Chen, Jeffrey D Bradley, Walter J Curran, Tian Liu, Xiaofeng Yang

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medical physics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Artificial intelligence for treatment delivery: image-guided radiotherapy.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2025
    Review
  2. Robust unsupervised texture segmentation for motion analysis in ultrasound images.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xianjin DaiDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Yang LeiDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Justin RoperDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Yue ChenThe Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Jeffrey D BradleyDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Walter J CurranDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Tian LiuDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Xiaofeng YangDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Emory University · USGeorgia Institute of Technology · USThe Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering · US

Funding

Multiparametric MRI-guided Prostate HDR Brachytherapy with Focal Tumor BoostR01CA215718 · NCI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI YANG, XIAOFENG · 2018 to 2022
$1.8M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA215718
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeUltrasound (US) imaging is an established imaging modality capable of offering video-rate volumetric images without ionizing radiation. It has the potential for intra-fraction motion tracking in radiation therapy. In this study, a deep learning-based method has been developed to tackle the challenges in motion tracking using US imaging.

methodsWe present a Markov-like network, which is implemented via generative adversarial networks, to extract features from sequential US frames (one tracked frame followed by untracked frames) and thereby estimate a set of deformation vector fields (DVFs) through the registration of the tracked frame and the untracked frames. The positions of the landmarks in the untracked frames are finally determined by shifting landmarks in the tracked frame according to the estimated DVFs. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated on the testing dataset by calculating the tracking error (TE) between the predicted and ground truth landmarks on each frame.

resultsThe proposed method was evaluated using the MICCAI CLUST 2015 dataset which was collected using seven US scanners with eight types of transducers and the Cardiac Acquisitions for Multi-structure Ultrasound Segmentation (CAMUS) dataset which was acquired using GE Vivid E95 ultrasound scanners. The CLUST dataset contains 63 2D and 22 3D US image sequences respectively from 42 and 18 subjects, and the CAMUS dataset includes 2D US images from 450 patients. On CLUST dataset, our proposed method achieved a mean tracking error of 0.70 ± 0.38 mm for the 2D sequences and 1.71 ± 0.84 mm for the 3D sequences for those public available annotations. And on CAMUS dataset, a mean tracking error of 0.54 ± 1.24 mm for the landmarks in the left atrium was achieved.

conclusionsA novel motion tracking algorithm using US images based on modern deep learning techniques has been demonstrated in this study. The proposed method can offer millimeter-level tumor motion prediction in real time, which has the potential to be adopted into routine tumor motion management in radiation therapy.

Indexed as

Deep LearningRadiotherapy, Image-GuidedHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMotionUltrasonographydeep learningimage-guided therapymotion trackingradiotherapyultrasound imaging

Identifiers

PMID34724712
PMCPMC11742242
OpenAlexW3210435954

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.