Observational studySurgical endoscopy2022
Sampling error in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer is associated with delay to surgery: a retrospective cohort study.
Observational study in Surgical endoscopy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment delay significantly increases mortality in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2025Pooled it
- Time to diagnosis and treatment in younger adults with colorectal cancer: A systematic review.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Colorectal cancer surgery without preoperative histology does not compromise surgical quality-A nationwide cohort study.Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland · 2026Article
- Differential diagnosis of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome and early rectal cancer via endorectal ultrasound: a retrospective matched case-control study.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Article
- Cold snaring vs. standard forceps biopsy in sampling colorectal cancer: a comparative case report.Endoscopy · 2025Article
- Receptor-Mediated SPION Labeling of CD4Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Detection and characterization of colorectal cancer by autofluorescence lifetime imaging on surgical specimens.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Expression and Functional Analysis of Immuno-Micro-RNAs mir-146a and mir-326 in Colorectal Cancer.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Hot avulsionJGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024Article
- Geotemporal Fluorophore Biodistribution Mapping of Colorectal Cancer: Micro and Macroscopic Insights.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Article
- Value of transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy in endoscopy negative biopsy patients with rectal lesions.BMC gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Emerging endoscopic resection strategies for organ preservation in early colorectal cancer.Annals of gastroenterologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAccurate histopathologic diagnosis of colorectal cancer is important for treatment decision-making and timely care. The aim of this study was to measure rates and predictors of sampling errors for biopsy specimens attained at flexible lower gastrointestinal endoscopy, and to determine whether these events lead to a delay in surgical care.
methodsThis is a retrospective observational study of patients who underwent elective resection for colorectal adenocarcinoma between January 2007 and June 2020. Primary outcomes were proportion of incorrectly diagnosed colorectal adenocarcinomas at index endoscopy by histopathology, and time between endoscopy and surgery. Secondary outcomes were predictors of sampling error, and diagnostic yield of repeat endoscopy.
resultsSampling errors occurred in 217/962 (22.6%) flexible endoscopies for colorectal adenocarcinomas. Negative biopsies were associated with a longer median time to surgery (87.6 days, IQR 48.8-180.0) compared to true positive biopsies (64.0 days, IQR 38.0-119.0), p < 0.001. Controlling for lesion location, neoadjuvant therapy, endoscopist specialty, year, and repeat endoscopies, time to surgery remained 1.40-fold longer (p < 0.001) following sampling error. Repeat endoscopy occurred following 62/217 (28.6%) cases of sampling errors, yielding a correct diagnosis of cancer in 38/62 (61.3%) cases. On multivariable analysis, sampling errors were less likely to occur for lesions endoscopists described as suspicious for malignancy (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.07-0.21) or simple polyps (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.08-0.70) compared to endoscopically unresectable polyps.
conclusionsColorectal cancers are frequently improperly sampled, which may lead to treatment delays for these patients. When cancer is suspected, surgeons should take care to ensure timely management.
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