Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34724569›Full record

ArticleArchives of gynecology and obstetrics2022

Unexpected changes in birth experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for maternal mental health.

Cindy H Liu, Amanda Koire, Carmina Erdei, Leena Mittal

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. From NICU to home: meeting the mental health needs of families after discharge.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Cindy H LiuDepartment of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. chliu@bwh.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-6985-5961
Amanda KoireDepartment of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Carmina ErdeiDepartment of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Leena MittalDepartment of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · US

Funding

Maternal Psychosis and Stress as Risks for Offspring Behavioral ImpairmentK23MH107714 · NIMH · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI LIU, CINDY H · 2016 to 2020
$765k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH107714
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study examined the rates of unexpected birth experiences due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with women's postpartum mental health symptoms (depression, generalized anxiety, and PTSD).

methodsOur cross-sectional analysis included postpartum women (N = 506) who reported on birth plan changes attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic through the PEACE (Perinatal Experiences and COVID-19 Effects) Study, an online survey that took place between May 2020 and May 2021. Covariates included sociodemographic variables, number of days since the pandemic, pre-pregnancy mental health history, and protective factors such as social support, distress tolerance, and resilience.

resultsPrevalent COVID-19 pandemic changes in the birth experience included not having support people (e.g., partners and friends) permitted to participate in the baby's delivery (33.5%), reduced access to preferred medications before or after delivery (9.7%), unavailable health care providers for the baby's birth as planned (9.6%), and other changes (13.8%). The reduced access to medications was associated with those reporting higher levels of depressive (β = .10, p < .01) and PTSD symptoms (β = .07, p < .05). Separation from their baby for a long period after delivery (β = .10, p < .05) and other changes (β = .10, p < .01) were associated with higher levels of PTSD symptoms.

conclusionUnexpected changes to the birth experience due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have small but persistent effects on depressive and PTSD symptoms. Given increased vigilance and its association with subsequent PTSD, acknowledging any fear of viral contagion within the hospital setting but informing women the plans for ensuring safety may be preventive for later mental health symptomatology.

Indexed as

COVID-19Stress Disorders, Post-TraumaticAnxietyCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionFemaleHumansMental HealthPandemicsPregnancySARS-CoV-2Birth plansDepressionGeneralized anxietyPTSDSeparationSocial support

Identifiers

PMID34724569
PMCPMC8558094
OpenAlexW3209130736

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.