ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2022
Directed Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Inner Ear Organoids.
Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- CircRNA_02540 alleviated the migration and ligament differentiation capacities of SM-MSCs suppressed by chronic inflammation via regulating miR-203a-3p/ZIC1 pathway.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Generation and characterization of vestibular inner ear organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Strategies to Develop Regenerative Medicine Approaches for Olfactory Disorders.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2025Review
- Letter to the editor.Human genetics · 2025Article
- Review
- Single-cell transcriptomic atlas reveals increased regeneration in diseased human inner ear balance organs.Nature communications · 2024Article
- In vitro modeling of cranial placode differentiation: Recent advances, challenges, and perspectives.Developmental biology · 2024Review
- Review
- Generating high-fidelity cochlear organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.Cell stem cell · 2023Article
- A single-cell level comparison of human inner ear organoids with the human cochlea and vestibular organs.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Defining developmental trajectories of prosensory cells in human inner ear organoids at single-cell resolution.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Advancements in inner ear development, regeneration, and repair through otic organoids.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The sensory epithelia of the inner ear contain mechanosensitive hair cells that detect sound and head acceleration. This protocol details a 3D differentiation method to generate inner ear organoids containing sensory epithelia with hair cells. Human pluripotent stem cells are aggregated in low-binding 96-well plates and treated in chemically defined media with extracellular matrix to promote epithelialization. Small molecules and recombinant proteins are applied in a stepwise manner to recapitulate the morphogenic cues (BMP, TGF-β, FGF, and WNT) present during inner ear development in vivo. These treatments induce the sequential formation of nonneural ectoderm, otic-epibranchial progenitor domain, and otic placodes. The derived otic placodes then undergo self-guided morphogenesis to form otic vesicles, which eventually give rise to sensory epithelia containing hair cells and supporting cells, as well as neurons with synaptic formations to hair cells. This human stem cell-derived inner ear organoid system provides an ideal platform to study human inner ear development and disease in vitro.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.