Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34722813›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of particle therapy2021

NRG Oncology Survey of Monte Carlo Dose Calculation Use in US Proton Therapy Centers.

Liyong Lin, Paige A Taylor, Jiajian Shen, Jatinder Saini, Minglei Kang, Charles B Simone, Jeffrey D Bradley, Zuofeng Li, Ying Xiao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of particle therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. NRG Oncology White Paper on the Relative Biological Effectiveness in Proton Therapy.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Liyong LinEmory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Paige A TaylorMD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Jiajian ShenMayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Jatinder SainiSeattle Cancer Care Alliance Proton Therapy Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Minglei KangNew York Proton Center, New York, NY, USA.
Charles B SimoneNew York Proton Center, New York, NY, USA.
Jeffrey D BradleyEmory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Zuofeng LiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Ying XiaoUniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Funding

NRG Oncology Network Group Operations Center - GY9 BIQSFP Reports/BudgetsU10CA180868 · NCI · NRG ONCOLOGY FOUNDATION, INC. · PI NORMAN WOLMARK · 2014 to 2026
$206.8M
IROC: Enhancing local enrolling site radiological data capture capabilities for NCTN trialsU24CA180803 · NCI · AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGY · PI Thomas J. FitzGerald, MICHAEL V KNOPP · 2014 to 2026
$116.2M
NCI NIH HHS U10 CA180868NCI NIH HHS U24 CA180803
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PURPOSE/

objectivesMonte Carlo (MC) dose calculation has appeared in primary commercial treatment-planning systems and various in-house platforms. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) and metal artifact reduction (MAR) techniques complement MC capabilities. However, no publications have yet reported how proton therapy centers implement these new technologies, and a national survey is required to determine the feasibility of including MC and companion techniques in cooperative group clinical trials. MATERIALS/

methodsA 9-question survey was designed to query key clinical parameters: scope of MC utilization, validation methods for heterogeneities, clinical site-specific imaging guidance, proton range uncertainties, and how implants are handled. A national survey was distributed to all 29 operational US proton therapy centers on 13 May 2019.

resultsWe received responses from 25 centers (86% participation). Commercial MC was most commonly used for primary plan optimization (16 centers) or primary dose evaluation (18 centers), while in-house MC was used more frequently for secondary dose evaluation (7 centers). Based on the survey, MC was used infrequently for gastrointestinal, genitourinary, gynecology and extremity compared with other more heterogeneous disease sites (

conclusionThe use of MC for primary dose calculation and optimization was prevalent and, therefore, likely feasible for clinical trials. There was consensus to use MAR and override tissues surrounding metals but no consensus about how to use DECT and MAR for human tissues and implants. Development and standardization of these advanced technologies are strongly encouraged for vendors and clinical physicists.

Indexed as

DECTMARMonte Carloproton therapysurgical implant

Identifiers

PMID34722813
PMCPMC8489489

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.