Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34721937›Full record

ReviewBio-design and manufacturing2022

A state-of-the-art review of the fabrication and characteristics of titanium and its alloys for biomedical applications.

Masoud Sarraf, Erfan Rezvani Ghomi, Saeid Alipour, Seeram Ramakrishna, Nazatul Liana Sukiman

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Bio-design and manufacturing, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed
18.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 398 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. [Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026
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19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Masoud SarrafCentre of Advanced Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Erfan Rezvani GhomiCenter for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117581 Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-5984-7527
Saeid AlipourDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., P.O. Box 11365-9466, Tehran, Iran.
Seeram RamakrishnaCenter for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117581 Singapore.
Nazatul Liana SukimanCentre of Advanced Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
National University of Singapore · SGSharif University of Technology · IRUniversity of Malaya · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Abstract: Commercially pure titanium and titanium alloys have been among the most commonly used materials for biomedical applications since the 1950s. Due to the excellent mechanical tribological properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties of titanium, it is getting much attention as a biomaterial for implants. Furthermore, titanium promotes osseointegration without any additional adhesives by physically bonding with the living bone at the implant site. These properties are crucial for producing high-strength metallic alloys for biomedical applications. Titanium alloys are manufactured into the three types of α, β, and α + β. The scientific and clinical understanding of titanium and its potential applications, especially in the biomedical field, are still in the early stages. This review aims to establish a credible platform for the current and future roles of titanium in biomedicine. We first explore the developmental history of titanium. Then, we review the recent advancement of the utility of titanium in diverse biomedical areas, its functional properties, mechanisms of biocompatibility, host tissue responses, and various relevant antimicrobial strategies. Future research will be directed toward advanced manufacturing technologies, such as powder-based additive manufacturing, electron beam melting and laser melting deposition, as well as analyzing the effects of alloying elements on the biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of titanium. Moreover, the role of titania nanotubes in regenerative medicine and nanomedicine applications, such as localized drug delivery system, immunomodulatory agents, antibacterial agents, and hemocompatibility, is investigated, and the paper concludes with the future outlook of titanium alloys as biomaterials. Graphic abstract:

Indexed as

Advanced manufacturingAntibacterial activityBiocompatibilityBiomedical applicationFunctional propertiesTitanium and titanium alloys

Identifiers

PMID34721937
PMCPMC8546395
OpenAlexW3210228149

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.