ArticleJournal of graduate medical education2021
Establishing Competencies for Leadership Development for Postgraduate Internal Medicine Residents.
Article in Journal of graduate medical education, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenges of transitioning from resident to staff family physician: Rapid review.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2026Review
- Measuring the effectiveness of career education at a medical university and future issues from the perspective of students' transformation: impact of a new career education program at a medical university on entrepreneurship effectiveness.Fujita medical journal · 2025Article
- Developing a Physician Leadership Program Through Inter-Organizational Collaboration.Journal of healthcare leadership · 2025Article
- Educating Our Future Medical Leaders: An Innovative Longitudinal Course Across Surgical and Medical Specialties in Graduate Education.Journal of healthcare leadership · 2024Article
- French-speaking Swiss physician's perceptions and perspectives regarding their competencies and training need in leadership and management: a mixed-methods study.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Using Individual Assessments as a Tool for Formative Feedback on Emotional Intelligence Training Programs in Healthcare Learners.Journal of medical education and curricular developmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough graduate medical education accrediting bodies recognize the importance of leadership for residents and encourage curricular development, it remains unclear which competencies are most important for early career physicians to possess.
objectiveTo generate a prioritized list of essential postgraduate leadership competencies to inform best practices for future curricular development.
methodsIn 2019, we used a Delphi approach, which allows for generation of consensus, to survey internal medicine (IM) physicians in leadership roles with expertise in medical education and/or leadership programming within national professional societies. Panelists ranked a comprehensive list of established leadership competencies for health care professionals, across 3 established domains (character, emotional intelligence, and cognitive skills), on importance for categorical IM residents to perform by the end of residency. Respondents also identified number of content hours and pedagogical format best suited to teach each skill.
resultsSixteen and 14 panelists participated in Delphi rounds 1 and 2, respectively (88% response rate). Most were female (71%) and senior (64% in practice > 15 years, 57% full professor). All practiced in academic environments and all US regions were represented. The final consensus list included 12 "essential" and 9 "very important" leadership skills across all 3 leadership domains. Emotional intelligence and character domains were equally represented in the consensus list despite being disproportionately underweighted initially. Panelists most frequently recommended content delivery via mentorship/coaching, work-based reflection, and interactive discussion.
conclusionsThis study's results suggest that postgraduate curricular interventions should emphasize emotional intelligence and character domains of leadership and prioritize coaching, discussion, and reflection for delivery.
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