Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34721784›Full record

ArticleSocial psychological and personality science2021

Spring Break or Heart Break? Extending Valence Bias to Emotional Words.

Nicholas R Harp, Catherine C Brown, Maital Neta

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Social psychological and personality science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Facing ambiguity: What we do in the space between stimulus and response.Current directions in psychological science · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Nicholas R HarpUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8115-9309
Catherine C BrownUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA.
Maital NetaUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA.

Funding

Functional Brain Networks Mediating Individual Differences in Valence BiasR01MH111640 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN · PI NETA, MAITAL · 2017 to 2022
$1.8M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH111640
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ambiguous stimuli are useful for assessing emotional bias. For example, surprised faces could convey a positive or negative meaning, and the degree to which an individual interprets these expressions as positive or negative represents their "valence bias." Currently, the most well-validated ambiguous stimuli for assessing valence bias include nonverbal signals (faces and scenes), overlooking an inherent ambiguity in verbal signals. This study identified 32 words with dual-valence ambiguity (i.e., relatively high intersubject variability in valence ratings and relatively slow response times) and length-matched clearly valenced words (16 positive, 16 negative). Preregistered analyses demonstrated that the words-based valence bias correlated with the bias for faces,

Indexed as

ambiguityemotionlanguagenonverbalvalence bias

Identifiers

PMID34721784
PMCPMC8552960

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.