Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34721759›Full record

ArticleOxidative medicine and cellular longevity2021

SPP1 Promotes Enzalutamide Resistance and Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition Activation in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer via PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 Pathways.

Xiaocong Pang, Junling Zhang, Xu He, Yanlun Gu, Bin-Zhi Qian, Ran Xie, Wei Yu, Xiaodan Zhang, Teng Li, Xuedong Shi and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Spatial Location of SPP1Cancer science · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
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  16. The functional role of the extracellular matrix in inflammatory bowel disease associated gut fibrosis.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2025
    Review
  17. Mechanoimmunological Control of Metastatic Site Selection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Xiaocong PangDepartment of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5951-5944
Junling ZhangDepartment of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Xu HeDepartment of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Yanlun GuDepartment of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Bin-Zhi QianMRC Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Ran XieDepartment of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Wei YuDepartment of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Xiaodan ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Teng LiDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
Xuedong ShiDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-2440
Ying ZhouDepartment of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2562-8323
Yimin CuiDepartment of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1005

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The bottleneck arising from castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) treatment is its high metastasis potential and antiandrogen drug resistance, which severely affects survival time of prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) is a cardinal mediator of tumor-associated inflammation and facilitates metastasis. In our previous study, we firstly revealed SPP1 was a potential hub signature for predicting metastatic CRPC (mCRPC) development. Herein, we integrated multiple databases to explore the association of SPP1 expression with prognosis, survival, and metastatic levels in CRPC progression and investigated SPP1 expression in PCa tissues and cell lines. Next, PCa cell lines with overexpression or depletion of SPP1 were established to study the effect of SPP1 on enzalutamide sensitivity and adhesion and migration of prostate cancer cell lines and further explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Bioinformatics analysis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemical staining, and western blot results suggested SPP1 upregulation had strong relationship with the malignant progression of CRPC and enzalutamide resistance. SPP1 knockdown enhanced enzalutamide sensitivity and repressed invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells. Importantly, upregulating SPP1 promoted, while silencing SPP1 attenuated epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT). Our results further demonstrated that SPP1 overexpression maintains the activation of PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Overall, our findings unraveled the functional role and clinical significance of SPP1 in PCa progression and help to discover new potential targets against mCRPC.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, NeoplasmAntineoplastic Agents, HormonalBenzamidesCell MovementEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMaleMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3Neoplasm InvasivenessNitrilesOsteopontinPC-3 CellsPhenylthiohydantoinPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinaseAntineoplastic Agents, HormonalBenzamidesenzalutamideMAPK1 protein, humanMAPK3 protein, humanMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3NitrilesOsteopontinPhenylthiohydantoinPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinaseProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktSPP1 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID34721759
PMCPMC8556132

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.