Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34721437›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology

Role of Gut Microbiome in COVID-19: An Insight Into Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential.

Ikram Hussain, Gabriel Liu Yuan Cher, Muhammad Abbas Abid, Muhammad Bilal Abid

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Microbiome modifications by steroids during viral exacerbation of asthma and in healthy mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024
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  15. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Ikram HussainDepartment of Gastroenterology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Gabriel Liu Yuan CherDepartment of Gastroenterology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Muhammad Abbas AbidDepartment of Hematopathology and Microbiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Muhammad Bilal AbidDivision of Infectious Diseases, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
Medical College of Wisconsin · USKhoo Teck Puat Hospital · SG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), resulted in an unprecedented global crisis. Although primarily a respiratory illness, dysregulated immune responses may lead to multi-organ dysfunction. Prior data showed that the resident microbial communities of gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts act as modulators of local and systemic inflammatory activity (the gut-lung axis). Evolving evidence now signals an alteration in the gut microbiome, brought upon either by cytokines from the infected respiratory tract or from direct infection of the gut, or both. Dysbiosis leads to a "leaky gut". The intestinal permeability then allows access to bacterial products and toxins into the circulatory system and further exacerbates the systemic inflammatory response. In this review, we discuss the available data related to the role of the gut microbiome in the development and progression of COVID-19. We provide mechanistic insights into early data with a focus on immunological crosstalk and the microbiome's potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Indexed as

COVID-19Cytokine Release SyndromeDysbiosisGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansImmunityInflammationSARS-CoV-2COVID-19cytokine release syndromedysbiosisgut–lung axisgut microbiomeleaky gut

Identifiers

PMID34721437
PMCPMC8551858
OpenAlexW3206068677

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.