ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Gene-Specific Sex Effects on Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex as a Biological Variable in Tuberculosis Pathogenesis.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Sex differences in a murine model of infective endocarditis.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Article
- Sex Dependent and Sjögren Disease Like Immune Responses Against Phosphoantigens in Balb/C Mice.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Understanding Sex Differences in Autoimmune Diseases: Immunologic Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Alkylglycerol monooxygenase represses prostanoid biosynthesis in a sex-dependent manner.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Attention to COVID 19 pandemic resulted in increased measles cases and deaths in Zambia.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness of screening, decolonisation and isolation strategies for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and methicillin-resistantLancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Genotype-driven sensitivity of mice to tick-borne encephalitis virus correlates with differential host responses in peripheral macrophages and brain.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Understanding Sex-biases in Kinetoplastid Infections: Leishmaniasis and Trypanosomiasis.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Non-additive strong gene interactions cause striking differences in organ pathology and cytokine response in Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Improving reproducibility and translational potential of mouse models: lessons from studying leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Chemosensory assessment and impact on quality of life in neurosensorial cluster of the post COVID 19 syndrome.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Lifestyle-Driven Variations in Nutrimiromic MicroRNA Expression Patterns across and beyond Genders.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- How Estrogen, Testosterone, and Sex Differences Influence Serum Immunoglobulin Isotype Patterns in Mice and Humans.Viruses · 2023Article
- Functionally distinct regions of the locusFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Stunting among kindergarten children in China in the context of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Incidence of Neonatal Meningitis and the Premature Mortality in Eastern Sub-saharan Africa, From 1990 to 2023: A Global Burden of Diseases Study.Sage open pediatricsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammation is an integral part of defense against most infectious diseases. These pathogen-induced immune responses are in very many instances strongly influenced by host's sex. As a consequence, sexual dimorphisms were observed in susceptibility to many infectious diseases. They are pathogen dose-dependent, and their outcomes depend on pathogen and even on its species or subspecies. Sex may differentially affect pathology of various organs and its influence is modified by interaction of host's hormonal status and genotype: sex chromosomes X and Y, as well as autosomal genes. In this Mini Review we summarize the major influences of sex in human infections and subsequently focus on 22 autosomal genes/loci that modify in a sex-dependent way the response to infectious diseases in mouse models. These genes have been observed to influence susceptibility to viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi and worms. Some sex-dependent genes/loci affect susceptibility only in females or only in males, affect both sexes, but have stronger effect in one sex; still other genes were shown to affect the disease in both sexes, but with opposite direction of effect in females and males. The understanding of mechanisms of sex-dependent differences in the course of infectious diseases may be relevant for their personalized management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.