ArticleBreast care (Basel, Switzerland)2021
First Prospective Cross-Sectional Study on the Impact of Immigration Background and Education in Early Detection of Breast Cancer.
Article in Breast care (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Comparing cancer stage at diagnosis between migrants and non-migrants: a meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Breast cancer in immigrant women in Europe and Italy: epidemiology, disparities, and pathways to equity.Oncology reviews · 2026Review
- Sociodemographic inequalities in breast cancer screening attendance in Germany following the implementation of an Organized Screening Program: Scoping Review.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Breast cancer screening and immigrant women-A scoping review of attendance, knowledge, barriers and facilitators.Nursing open · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough immigrant health is an important issue in national health policy, there is a serious shortage of data in many countries. Most studies lack information on educational status, which is a major limitation. This prospective cross-sectional study analyzed a real-world breast cancer population on the influence of immigration background and educational status on participation in breast cancer early detection programs in the federal state of Lower Saxony, Germany.
methodsData collection was conducted from 2012 to 2016 in six certified breast cancer centers using a standardized questionnaire for patients' interview and tumor-specific data from the patients' medical records.
results2,145/3,047 primary breast cancer cases were analyzed. 17.5% of our patients had a history of immigration, including
conclusionsNo tumor biological differences were seen between immigrants and German natives. In first-generation immigrants, early detection programs were well accepted despite sociocultural and language differences. Participation rate decreased significantly with higher education levels irrespective of country of origin. Immigration background does not have a negative effect on the participation in breast cancer screening. This mainly relates to immigrants from EU27 member states.
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