Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34719405›Full record

ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2021

The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury.

Toshiyuki Aokage, Mizuki Seya, Takahiro Hirayama, Tsuyoshi Nojima, Masumi Iketani, Michiko Ishikawa, Yasuhiro Terasaki, Akihiko Taniguchi, Nobuaki Miyahara, Atsunori Nakao and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Molecular Hydrogen in the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Exploring the Potential of HCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Toshiyuki AokageDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Mizuki SeyaDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Takahiro HirayamaDepartment of Disaster Medicine and Management, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Tsuyoshi NojimaDepartment of Primary Care and Medical Education, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Masumi IketaniDepartment of Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
Michiko IshikawaDepartment of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.
Yasuhiro TerasakiDepartment of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Akihiko TaniguchiDepartment of Hematology, Oncology, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Nobuaki MiyaharaDepartment of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Atsunori NakaoDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Ikuroh OhsawaDepartment of Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiromichi NaitoDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan. naito-hiromichi@s.okayama-u.ac.jp.
Okayama University · JPTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology · JPHyogo Medical University · JPNippon Medical School · JP

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 19K09416Teijin Pharma TJNS20190415006
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAcute respiratory distress syndrome, which is caused by acute lung injury, is a destructive respiratory disorder caused by a systemic inflammatory response. Persistent inflammation results in irreversible alveolar fibrosis. Because hydrogen gas possesses anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesized that daily repeated inhalation of hydrogen gas could suppress persistent lung inflammation by inducing functional changes in macrophages, and consequently inhibit lung fibrosis during late-phase lung injury.

methodsTo test this hypothesis, lung injury was induced in mice by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (1.0 mg/kg). Mice were exposed to control gas (air) or hydrogen (3.2% in air) for 6 h every day for 7 or 21 days. Respiratory physiology, tissue pathology, markers of inflammation, and macrophage phenotypes were examined.

resultsMice with bleomycin-induced lung injury that received daily hydrogen therapy for 21 days (BH group) exhibited higher static compliance (0.056 mL/cmH

conclusionsThe results suggest that hydrogen inhalation inhibits the deterioration of respiratory physiological function and alveolar fibrosis in this model of lung injury.

Indexed as

Administration, InhalationAnimalsAntibiotics, AntineoplasticBleomycinHydrogenInterleukinsLung InjuryMacrophagesMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPulmonary FibrosisRespiratory Distress SyndromeAntibiotics, AntineoplasticBleomycinHydrogenInterleukinsAcute respiratory distress syndromeBleomycin-induced lung injuryLung fibrosisMacrophageMolecular hydrogen

Identifiers

PMID34719405
PMCPMC8559370
OpenAlexW3161829702

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.