ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2022
Whole Grain and Refined Grains: An Examination of US Household Grocery Store Purchases.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- U.S. consumer acceptance of whole grains, local grains, and alternative grain networks: a scoping review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- From Supermarkets to Farms: Food Policy and the Obesity Epidemic.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Review
- Consumption of Barley, Buckwheat and Quinoa in the United States: Associations with Diet and Metabolic Health.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Complex Gene-Carbohydrate Interaction in Type 2 Diabetes: Between Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Should Grain-Based Staple Foods Be Included in Admonitions to "Avoid Processed and Ultra-Processed Food"?Nutrients · 2025Review
- Global burden and projection of colorectal cancer attributable to low whole-grain diets: an analysis of GBD 2021 data with Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Partial substitution of wheat flour with kiwi starch: Rheology, microstructure changes in dough and the quality properties of bread.Food chemistry: X · 2024Article
- Evaluation of daily eating patterns on overall diet quality using decision tree analyses.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Consideration of nutrition and sustainability in public definitions of 'healthy' food: an analysis of submissions to the US FDA.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Dietary trends and the decline in male reproductive health.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2023Review
- Carbohydrate confusion and dietary patterns: unintended public health consequences of "food swapping".Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Health Effects of Whole Grains: A Bibliometric Analysis.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Fibre intake for optimal health: how can healthcare professionals support people to reach dietary recommendations?BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Article
- A New Carbohydrate Food Quality Scoring System to Reflect Dietary Guidelines: An Expert Panel Report.Nutrients · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe health benefits related to intake of whole grain foods are well established. Consumption of whole grains in the US population is low, and whole grain content can vary greatly depending upon the specific products that are purchased.
objectivesTo examine the proportion of products purchased by US households containing whole grain and refined grain ingredients using time-specific food composition data, and examine whether purchases differ between income, race or ethnicity, and household make-up.
methodsNationally representative Nielsen Homescan 2018 data were used. Each barcoded product captured in Nielsen Homescan 2018 was linked with ingredient information using commercial nutrition databases in a time-relevant manner. Packaged food products containing whole grain ingredients, refined grain ingredients, neither, or both were identified. The percentage of packaged food products containing whole grain and refined grain ingredients purchased by US households was determined overall, by demographic subgroup, and by food category.
resultsThe proportion of packaged food purchases containing refined grain ingredients was significantly higher than whole grain ingredients (30.9% compared with 7.9%; P < 0.0001). Lower income households and households with children purchased a significantly higher proportion of products containing refined grain ingredients, with no nutritionally meaningful racial or ethnic differences observed. Concerningly, across all demographic subgroups >90% of bread purchases contained refined grain ingredients, and the 5 categories with the largest proportion of whole grain ingredients contributed to <20% of overall US household packaged food purchases.
conclusionsUS households are purchasing a significantly higher proportion of packaged food products containing refined grain ingredients than whole grain ingredients. Future policy changes are needed to provide incentives and information (e.g., front-of-pack labels) to aid in encouraging manufacturers to increase whole grain product offerings while decreasing refined grain offerings, and to encourage consumers to substitute away from refined grain products toward whole grain products.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.