Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34718331›Full record

ArticleCell death discovery2021

Gasdermin D mediates host cell death but not interleukin-1β secretion in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages.

Sebastian J Theobald, Jessica Gräb, Melanie Fritsch, Isabelle Suárez, Hannah S Eisfeld, Sandra Winter, Maximilian Koch, Christoph Hölscher, Manolis Pasparakis, Hamid Kashkar and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell death discovery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Cysteine reactivity profiling identifies host regulators ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Gasdermin D kills bacteria.Microbiological research · 2023
    Review
  13. The regulatory role of Pin1 in neuronal death.Neural regeneration research · 2023
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Different modalities of host cell death and their impact onAmerican journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2022
    Review
  16. Article
  17. A bibliometric analysis of PIN1 and cell death.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sebastian J Theobald *Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Jessica Gräb *Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Melanie Fritsch *Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Isabelle SuárezDepartment I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Hannah S EisfeldDepartment I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Sandra WinterDepartment I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Maximilian KochDepartment I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Christoph HölscherDivision of Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, 23845, Borstel, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-9146
Manolis PasparakisExcellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-0966
Hamid KashkarExcellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Jan RybnikerDepartment I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany. jan.rybniker@uk-koeln.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-2690

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) SFB1403Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (German Center for Infection Research) TTU 02.806
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Necrotic cell death represents a major pathogenic mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. It is increasingly evident that Mtb induces several types of regulated necrosis but how these are interconnected and linked to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines remains unknown. Exploiting a clinical cohort of tuberculosis patients, we show here that the number and size of necrotic lesions correlates with IL-1β plasma levels as a strong indicator of inflammasome activation. Our mechanistic studies reveal that Mtb triggers mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) and subsequently extensive macrophage necrosis, which requires activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3-driven mitochondrial damage is dependent on proteolytic activation of the pore-forming effector protein gasdermin D (GSDMD), which links two distinct cell death machineries. Intriguingly, GSDMD, but not the membranolytic mycobacterial ESX-1 secretion system, is dispensable for IL-1β secretion from Mtb-infected macrophages. Thus, our study dissects a novel mechanism of pathogen-induced regulated necrosis by identifying mitochondria as central regulatory hubs capable of delineating cytokine secretion and lytic cell death.

Identifiers

PMID34718331
PMCPMC8557205

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.