ArticleBiochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease2022
SARS-CoV-2 infection negatively affects ovarian function in ART patients.
Article in Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on clinical outcomes ofFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- The Impact of Long COVID on the Female Reproductive System: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Impact of Breast Cancer on Ovarian Function: Dysregulation of Cholesterol Homeostasis in Cumulus Cells and Follicular Fluid.Cancers · 2026Article
- Endocrine disorders following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a comprehensive systematic review.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2026Article
- Symptoms, mechanisms, and management of long COVID: understanding its prevalence, characteristics, and healthcare challenges in Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- COVID-19 and female reproductive health: pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical reproductive outcomes.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The impact of COVID-19 infection on the live birth rate in fresh embryo transfer cycles.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Pregnancy and obstetric outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer with embryos generated from COVID‑19 infection during controlled ovarian stimulation: a retrospective study.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Article
- The association between pregnancy outcomes of frozen thawed embryo transfers and previous SARS-CoV-2 infections.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection during IVF treatment on embryo morphokinetics and pregnancy outcomes after fresh transfer: a prospective cohort study.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Impact of COVID-19 on Ovarian Function and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Ovarian function after COVID-19: long-term effects and vaccine safety in ART patients.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 infection on laboratory and clinical outcomes of ovarian stimulation using antagonist protocol.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- A comparative analysis of estrogen receptors, ACE2 and cytokines in pre-and postmenopausal women and men with COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Does COVID-19 reduce anti-Mullerian hormone levels in women of reproductive age in late periods of infection?Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association · 2024Article
- Characterization of the gut microbiota in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection during controlled ovarian stimulation.Journal of ovarian research · 2024Article
- COVID-19 and Female Fertility: An Observational Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study: Upholding Reproductive Rights in Emergency Circumstances.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Effect of COVID-19 and COVID-19 Vaccination on Assisted Human Reproduction Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Outcomes of female reproductive performance with assisted reproductive techniques after recent mild to moderate COVID-19 infections: An observational study.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2024Article
- Redox Balance and Inflammatory Response in Follicular Fluids of Women Recovered by SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Anti-COVID-19 Vaccinated: A Combined Metabolomics and Biochemical Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several organs, such as the heart, breasts, intestine, testes, and ovaries, have been reported to be target tissues of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. To date, no studies have demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 infection in the female reproductive system. In the present study, we investigated the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on ovarian function by comparing follicular fluid (FF) from control and recovered coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and by evaluating the influence of these FF on human endothelial and non-luteinized granulosa cell cultures. Our results showed that most FFs (91.3%) from screened post COVID-19 patients were positive for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, patients with higher levels of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 had lower numbers of retrieved oocytes. While VEGF and IL-1β were significantly lower in post COVID-19 FF, IL-10 did not differ from that in control FF. Moreover, in COV434 cells stimulated with FF from post COVID-19 patients, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), estrogen-receptor β (Erβ), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression were significantly decreased, whereas estrogen-receptor α (ERα) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) did not change. In endothelial cells stimulated with post COVID-19 FF, we observed a decrease in cell migration without changes in protein expression of certain angiogenic factors. Both cell types showed a significantly higher γH2AX expression when exposed to post COVID-19 FF. In conclusion, our results describe for the first time that the SARS-CoV-2 infection adversely affects the follicular microenvironment, thus dysregulating ovarian function.
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