Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34716704›Full record

ReviewAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research2021

Balancing the story of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A narrative review of the literature on strengths.

Katherine Flannigan, Andrew Wrath, Chantel Ritter, Kaitlyn McLachlan, Kelly D Harding, Alanna Campbell, Dorothy Reid, Jacqueline Pei

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
19.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Increasing Access to FASD-Informed Care: Bringing an Adapted Intervention to Mental Health Providers.Evidence-based practice in child and adolescent mental health · 2026
    Article
  4. Neurodevelopmental impacts of unique postnatal adversity subgroups in children with prenatal alcohol exposure.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Evaluating the role of strengths and protective factors for youth with FASD and criminal legal system involvement: a scoping review.Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Katherine FlanniganCanada FASD Research Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7230-2532
Andrew WrathCanada FASD Research Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Chantel RitterDepartment of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Kaitlyn McLachlanCanada FASD Research Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4569-7529
Kelly D HardingCanada FASD Research Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Alanna CampbellNorthern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.
Dorothy ReidCanada FASD Research Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Jacqueline PeiCanada FASD Research Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
BC Research (Canada) · CANOSM University · CAUniversity of Alberta · CAUniversity of Guelph · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For many years, researchers have explored the complex challenges experienced by individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). This research has been important for documenting the brain- and body-based impacts of prenatal alcohol exposure and the psychosocial vulnerabilities and environmental adversities frequently associated with FASD. It has also supported advocacy efforts and highlighted the necessity of providing FASD services and supports. However, with the focus on deficits and needs, there is a considerable gap in the literature on the strengths and successes of individuals with FASD. The lack of strengths-based FASD research has likely perpetuated the stress and stigma experienced by individuals with FASD and their families. Thus, there is a critical need to shift the direction of the field. Here we provide a narrative review of the literature on strengths in FASD. Our goals are to: (1) understand the state of strengths-based research related to individuals with FASD across the lifespan, and (2) describe positive characteristics, talents, and abilities of individuals with FASD that may be cultivated to promote their fulfillment and well-being. We identified a total of 19 studies, most of which were conducted to explore the lived experiences of adults with FASD. This preliminary but critical body of evidence highlights the intrinsic strengths of individuals with FASD, including strong self-awareness, receptiveness to support, capacity for human connection, perseverance through challenges, and hope for the future. Despite the importance of this emerging evidence, appraisal of the literature indicates a need for more intentional, methodologically rigorous, participatory, and theory-driven research in this area. Findings from this study, including the identified gaps in the literature, can be used to inform research, practice, and policy to meaningfully advance the field of FASD and promote positive outcomes in this population.

Indexed as

Evidence-Based MedicineAlcohol DrinkingFemaleFetal Alcohol Spectrum DisordersHumansPractice Guidelines as TopicPregnancyPrenatal Exposure Delayed Effectscharacter strengthsfetal alcohol spectrum disorderliterature reviewpositive psychologyprenatal alcohol exposure

Identifiers

PMID34716704
PMCPMC9299043
OpenAlexW3209478125

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.