SynthesisInternational journal of colorectal disease2022
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of colorectal disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety of regorafenib/fruquintinib combined with PD-1/PD-L1 for metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis based on single-arm studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Harnessing the gut microbiome for improved immune checkpoint inhibition in colorectal cancer immunotherapy: a narrative Review.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Single-cell hdWGCNA identifies ICI-related-colitis key CD8 + T cells linked to immunotherapy response and prognosis in colon cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Molecules: A Review on Pathways and Immunotherapy Implications.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- Advances in the Use of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Colorectal Cancer Treatment.OncoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Cracking Chordoma's Conundrum: Immune Checkpoints Provide a Potential Modality.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibitors for colorectal cancer: A network meta‑analysis.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastrointestinal malignancies: an Umbrella review.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Microsatellite instability states serve as predictive biomarkers for tumors chemotherapy sensitivity.iScience · 2023Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer: protocol of a pooled analysis of clinical trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Article
- Impact of Diets on Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) Therapy against Tumors.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies have shown promising prospects in colorectal cancer (CRC) immunotherapy; many clinical trials have been carried out. In this study, we sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ICI therapies in CRC by presenting a meta-analysis of relevant studies.
methodsDatabases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies concerning the efficacy and safety of ICI in colorectal cancer. The reported odds ratio (OR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), and TRAEs ≥ 3 in the included studies were analyzed by fixed effects/random effects models.
resultsThree studies involving 667 patients with colorectal cancer were included in our meta-analysis. No significant difference between the immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies and conventional therapies in OS (WMD = 0.73, 95% CI - 3.09, 4.54; p = 0.71), in ORR (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 0.98, 2.40; p = 0.06), and in DCR (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.36, 2.61; p = 0.95). The median PFS of the ICI therapy group was shorter than that of the conventional therapy group (WMD = - 0.10, 95% CI - 0.18, - 0.02; p = 0.02). At the same time, we also could not find a significant difference between the immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies and conventional therapies in TRAEs (OR = 1.56, 95% CI 0.11, 22.09; p = 0.74) and in TRAEs ≥ 3 (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.16, 5.65; p = 0.95).
conclusionImmune checkpoint inhibitor therapies could not improve all survival endpoints to advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Whether immune checkpoint inhibitors should be the first choice of therapies for colorectal cancer patients with undetermined microsatellite status or not able to determine microsatellite status needs more related studies to prove.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.