ArticleNature communications2021
Anti-spike antibody response to natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence from January 2020 to April 2022: A systematic review and meta-analysis of standardized population-based studies.PLoS medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Randomized controlled trial of molnupiravir SARS-CoV-2 viral and antibody response in at-risk adult outpatients.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Enhanced adenoviral reactivity in Guillain-Barré syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody profiles reveal variant specific antibody dynamics and regional differences in infection histories in Malawi.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- A binary self-amplifying expression platform enabling lipid nanoparticle-free vaccines and nanomedicines.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Role of vaccines in competitive displacement between SARS-CoV-2 viruses as revealed by the modeling of surveillance data.Infection · 2025Article
- Humoral response dynamics following inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and their association with subsequent infection and symptoms in individuals with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection: evidence from Sichuan Province, China.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Assessing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in health workers: a cohort study conducted during the pandemic decline phase in five hospitals, affiliated to Al-Azhar University- Egypt.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analysis of passively and actively acquired SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in infants with repeat newborn screening samples.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Age influences blood cell-based immune deregulation antibody response and unfavorable clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Identification of undetected SARS-CoV-2 infections by clustering of Nucleocapsid antibody trajectories.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Persistence and decay of neutralizing antibody responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity in a Canadian cohort.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Article
- Serodynamics: A primer and synthetic review of methods for epidemiological inference using serological data.Epidemics · 2024Review
- Cattle, sheep, and goat humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2.Veterinary and animal science · 2024Article
- Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the University hospital Heidelberg and correlation with SARS-CoV-2 incidence.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Bison, Elk, and Other Captive Wildlife Species Humoral Immune Responses against SARS-CoV-2.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine response in adults with predominantly antibody deficiency.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2024Article
- Estimating SARS-CoV-2 infection probabilities with serological data and a Bayesian mixture model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Modelling the impact of hybrid immunity on future COVID-19 epidemic waves.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 15 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the trajectory, duration, and determinants of antibody responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection can inform subsequent protection and risk of reinfection, however large-scale representative studies are limited. Here we estimated antibody response after SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population using representative data from 7,256 United Kingdom COVID-19 infection survey participants who had positive swab SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests from 26-April-2020 to 14-June-2021. A latent class model classified 24% of participants as 'non-responders' not developing anti-spike antibodies, who were older, had higher SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold values during infection (i.e. lower viral burden), and less frequently reported any symptoms. Among those who seroconverted, using Bayesian linear mixed models, the estimated anti-spike IgG peak level was 7.3-fold higher than the level previously associated with 50% protection against reinfection, with higher peak levels in older participants and those of non-white ethnicity. The estimated anti-spike IgG half-life was 184 days, being longer in females and those of white ethnicity. We estimated antibody levels associated with protection against reinfection likely last 1.5-2 years on average, with levels associated with protection from severe infection present for several years. These estimates could inform planning for vaccination booster strategies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.