Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34715072›Full record

ReviewArchives of biochemistry and biophysics2021

Analytical and functional aspects of protein-ligand interactions: Beyond induced fit and conformational selection.

Michelle Redhair, William M Atkins

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. 'Intelligent' proteins.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025
    Review
  4. Differential Effects of Clotrimazole on X-Ray Crystal Structures of Human Cytochromes P450 3A5 and 3A4.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2023
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Uncovering ZnThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Michelle RedhairDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Box 375610, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98177, USA.
William M AtkinsDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Box 375610, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98177, USA. Electronic address: winky@uw.edu.

Funding

Pharmacological Sciences SupplementT32GM007750 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI ATKINS, WILLIAM M · 1985 to 2023
$12.6M
Functional Dynamics of Cytochrome P4503A4R01GM130810 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI ATKINS, WILLIAM M · 2018 to 2021
$1.8M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM130810NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007750
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ligand-dependent changes in protein conformation are foundational to biology. Historical mechanistic models for substrate-specific proteins are induced fit (IF) and conformational selection (CS), which invoke a change in protein conformation after ligand binds or before ligand binds, respectively. These mechanisms have important, but rarely discussed, functional relevance because IF vs. CS can differentially affect a protein's substrate specificity or promiscuity, and its regulatory properties. The modern view of proteins as conformational ensembles in both ligand free and bound states, together with the realization that most proteins exhibit some substrate promiscuity, demands a deeper interpretation of the historical models and provides an opportunity to improve mechanistic analyses. Here we describe alternative analytical strategies for distinguishing the historical models, including the more complex expanded versions of IF and CS. Functional implications of the different models are described. We provide an alternative perspective based on protein ensembles interacting with ligand ensembles that clarifies how a single protein can 'apparently' exploit different mechanisms for different ligands. Mechanistic information about protein ensembles can be optimized when they are probed with multiple ligands.

Indexed as

KineticsLigandsProtein BindingProtein ConformationProteinsThermodynamicsLigandsProteinsBinding kineticsConformational ensembleConformational selectionInduced fitLigand promiscuityStopped-flow analysis

Identifiers

PMID34715072
PMCPMC8629920

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.