ArticleScience advances2021
Complete protection by a single-dose skin patch-delivered SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccine.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Booster Immunisation with Skin-Patch-Delivered Unadjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Vaccine Is Safe and Immunogenic in Healthy Adults.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Tetravalent microprojection-based dengue chimeric virus vaccine raises potent neutralising antibodies in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Improved efficacy of an influenza DNA vaccine through high-density microarray patch delivery.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Geometric determinants of sinterless, low-temperature-processed 3D-nanoprinted glass.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2025Article
- Skin patch delivery of a SARS-CoV-2 spike DNA vaccine produces broad neutralising antibody responses.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Beyond the Needle: Innovative Microneedle-Based Transdermal Vaccination.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Long-Term Immunity of a Microneedle Array Patch of a SARS-CoV-2 S1 Protein Subunit Vaccine Irradiated by Gamma Rays in Mice.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Long-term Immunity of a Microneedle Array Patch of SARS-CoV-2 S1 Protein Subunit Vaccine Irradiated by Gamma Rays in Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Fourth dose of microneedle array patch of SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein subunit vaccine elicits robust long-lasting humoral responses in mice.International immunopharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Superior efficacy of a skin-applied microprojection device for delivering a novel Zika DNA vaccine.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- Microneedles: An Emerging Vaccine Delivery Tool and a Prospective Solution to the Challenges of SARS-CoV-2 Mass Vaccination.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- 3D-Printed Microinjection Needle Arrays via a Hybrid DLP-Direct Laser Writing Strategy.Advanced materials technologies · 2023Article
- Employing T-Cell Memory to Effectively Target SARS-CoV-2.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Elevated BMI reduces the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.Clinical & translational immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Skin Vaccination with Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Using a Polyphosphazene-Based Microneedle Patch Protects Mice against Lethal Challenge.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Article
- Opportunities and challenges for commercializing microarray patches for vaccination from a MAP developer's perspective.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- A Single-Administration Microneedle Skin Patch for Multi-Burst Release of Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.Advanced materials technologies · 2022Article
- A microarray patch SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces sustained antibody responses and polyfunctional cellular immunity.iScience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 160 million people and resulted in more than 3.3 million deaths, and despite the availability of multiple vaccines, the world still faces many challenges with their rollout. Here, we use the high-density microarray patch (HD-MAP) to deliver a SARS-CoV-2 spike subunit vaccine directly to the skin. We show that the vaccine is thermostable on the patches, with patch delivery enhancing both cellular and antibody immune responses. Elicited antibodies potently neutralize clinically relevant isolates including the Alpha and Beta variants. Last, a single dose of HD-MAP–delivered spike provided complete protection from a lethal virus challenge in an ACE2-transgenic mouse model. Collectively, these data show that HD-MAP delivery of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was superior to traditional needle-and-syringe vaccination and may be a significant addition to the ongoing COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.