Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34714579›Full record

ReviewMolecular microbiology2022

A fresh look at mycobacterial pathogenicity with the zebrafish host model.

Monica Varela, Annemarie H Meijer

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The gasdermin family: from pyroptosis mechanisms to therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. PIKfyve mediates the maturation of mycobacteria-containing vesicles.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  6. Frontiers in tuberculosis · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Aberrant Lipid Metabolism in Macrophages Is Associated with Granuloma Formation in Sarcoidosis.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Arabinogalactan enhancesFrontiers in immunology · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Monica VarelaInstitute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0215-9173
Annemarie H MeijerInstitute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1325-0725
Leiden University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The zebrafish has earned its place among animal models to study tuberculosis and other infections caused by pathogenic mycobacteria. This model host is especially useful to study the role of granulomas, the inflammatory lesions characteristic of mycobacterial disease. The optically transparent zebrafish larvae provide a window on the initial stages of granuloma development in the context of innate immunity. Application of fluorescent dyes and transgenic markers enabled real-time visualization of how innate immune mechanisms, such as autophagy and inflammasomes, are activated in infected macrophages and how propagating calcium signals drive communication between macrophages during granuloma formation. A combination of imaging, genetic, and chemical approaches has revealed that the interplay between macrophages and mycobacteria is the main driver of tissue dissemination and granuloma development, while neutrophils have a protective function in early granulomas. Different chemokine signaling axes, conserved between humans and zebrafish, have been shown to recruit macrophages permissive to mycobacterial growth, control their microbicidal capacity, drive their spreading and aggregation, and mediate granuloma vascularization. Finally, zebrafish larvae are now exploited to explore cell death processes, emerging as crucial factors in granuloma expansion. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of mycobacterial pathogenesis contributed by zebrafish models.

Indexed as

MycobacteriumTuberculosisAnimalsGranulomaLarvaVirulenceZebrafishautophagy, cell death, chemokine signalling, granulomas, inflammasomes, macrophages, Mycobacterium, tuberculosis, zebrafish model

Identifiers

PMID34714579
PMCPMC9297993
OpenAlexW3210379342

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.