Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34711989›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2022

RNA-responsive elements for eukaryotic translational control.

Evan M Zhao, Angelo S Mao, Helena de Puig, Kehan Zhang, Nathaniel D Tippens, Xiao Tan, F Ann Ran, Isaac Han, Peter Q Nguyen, Emma J Chory and 7 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
68citing papers in PubMed
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

68 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  8. Review
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  10. Article
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  12. Programming Next-Generation Synthetic Biosensors by Genetic Circuit Design.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. IRES-Mediated Translation: Expanding the Toolkits of RNA Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Evan M Zhao *Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Angelo S Mao *Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Helena de PuigWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5368-6996
Kehan ZhangWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-3001
Nathaniel D TippensWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Xiao TanWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
F Ann RanWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Isaac HanWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Peter Q NguyenWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0935-6404
Emma J ChoryInstitute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Tiffany Y HuaWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Pradeep RameshWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
David B ThompsonWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Crystal Yuri OhWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Eric S ZigonWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Max A EnglishInstitute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
James J CollinsWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. jimjc@mit.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5560-8246
Massachusetts Institute of Technology · USBroad Institute · USHarvard University · US

Funding

Molecular Circuits in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell NicheRC2DK120535 · NIDDK · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI COLLINS, JAMES J, DALEY, GEORGE Q · 2020 to 2024
$8.2M
NIDDK NIH HHS RC2 DK120535
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ability to control translation of endogenous or exogenous RNAs in eukaryotic cells would facilitate a variety of biotechnological applications. Current strategies are limited by low fold changes in transgene output and the size of trigger RNAs (trRNAs). Here we introduce eukaryotic toehold switches (eToeholds) as modular riboregulators. eToeholds contain internal ribosome entry site sequences and form inhibitory loops in the absence of a specific trRNA. When the trRNA is present, eToeholds anneal to it, disrupting the inhibitory loops and allowing translation. Through optimization of RNA annealing, we achieved up to 16-fold induction of transgene expression in mammalian cells. We demonstrate that eToeholds can discriminate among viral infection status, presence or absence of gene expression and cell types based on the presence of exogenous or endogenous RNA transcripts.

Indexed as

Protein BiosynthesisRNAAnimalsMammalsRNA, ViralRNARNA, Viral

Identifiers

PMID34711989
PMCPMC13618455
OpenAlexW3208651536

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.