ArticleNature communications2021
BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine elicited antibody response in blood and milk of breastfeeding women.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies in Human Breast Milk and Their Neutralizing Capacity after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review of the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant and lactating individuals and their infants.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2022Pooled it
- The Effects of COVID-19 Vaccination on Lactating Women: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant and lactating women: a systematic review.Expert review of vaccines · 2021Pooled it
- COVID-19 and Pregnancy: Key Findings.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2026Review
- Dynamic Changes in Antibodies and Proteome in Breast Milk of Mothers Infected with Wild-Type SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron: A Longitudinal Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Review
- The "Magnificent Seven" in Oral and Systemic Health against COVID-19.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Antibodies in breast milk: Pro-bodies designed for healthy newborn development.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Challenges of breastfeeding during COVID-19 and baby friendly protocols adopted at a maternity health center in the northern Emirates of UAE: a comprehensive review.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Review
- Review
- Management of neonates with maternal prenatal coronavirus infection and influencing factors.Pediatric research · 2024Review
- Milk antibody response after 3iScience · 2023Article
- Article
- Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers in breastmilk from convalescent and vaccinated mothers.iScience · 2023Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA Vaccines During Lactation.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Review
- Maternal transfer of IgA and IgG SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies transplacentally and via breast milk feeding.PloS one · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Milk antibody response after 3rd dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection and implications for infant protection.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The importance of breastmilk in postnatal life lies in the strong association between breastfeeding and the reduction in the risk of infection and infection-related infant mortality. However, data regarding the induction and dynamics of breastmilk antibodies following administration of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is scarce, as pregnant and lactating women were not included in the initial vaccine clinical trials. Here, we investigate the dynamics of the vaccine-specific antibody response in breastmilk and serum in a prospective cohort of ten lactating women who received two doses of the mRNA vaccine. We show that the antibody response is rapid and highly synchronized between breastmilk and serum, reaching stabilization 14 days after the second dose. The response in breastmilk includes both IgG and IgA with neutralization capacity.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.