ReviewAdvanced drug delivery reviews2021
Oral nanomedicine for modulating immunity, intestinal barrier functions, and gut microbiome.
Review in Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immunity and vaccine development.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Re-engineering insulin for oral delivery: structural modifications, advanced formulation strategies, and future directions.Drug delivery · 2026Review
- Host metabolism shapes the intestinal microbiota: a top-down paradigm of environmental selection pressure.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Engineering Oral Nanoparticles: Navigating Biological Barriers in the Gastrointestinal Tract.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Review
- Advances of oral micro- and nanomedicines for modulating intestinal barriers in the treatment of intestinal diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- A new paradigm of bidirectional regulation of the gut-spinal cord axis.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Review
- Unveiling Gut Homeostasis Disruption in Sepsis: Towards an Integrated Mechanistic and Translational Roadmap.Cell proliferation · 2026Review
- The MOF-Microbiome Axis: a New Paradigm for Precision Nanomedicine.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Bile Acids and the Gut-X Axis: TCM-Mediated Systemic Protection and Therapeutic Opportunities for Multi-Organ Diseases.Metabolites · 2026Review
- The role of the gut microbiota in radiation enteritis: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic applications.Communications biology · 2026Review
- A montmorillonite-based oral fermentation system enables long-lasting in-situ biosynthesis to restore intestinal homeostasis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Calcium carbonate supplementation exacerbated gut microenvironment disruption in senile osteoporosis mice.iScience · 2026Article
- Targeting the intestinal barrier with traditional Chinese medicine for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Macrophages in Ulcerative Colitis: Immunomodulatory Roles, Phenotypic Switching, and Therapeutic Targeting.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Review
- Gut microbial metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease: immunological mechanisms regulating Treg/Th17 balance and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mucosal immunity in cancer metastasis: roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Identification and Validation of Key Purine Metabolism-Related Genes in Ulcerative Colitis Using Bioinformatics and Machine Learning.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Microbial enzyme-responsive inulin nanoparticles for colon-targeted oral delivery of 5-ASA toward improved therapy of inflammatory bowel disease.Theranostics · 2026Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) affects not only local diseases in the GIT but also various systemic diseases. Factors that can affect the health and disease of both GIT and the human body include 1) the mucosal immune system composed of the gut-associated lymphoid tissues and the lamina propria, 2) the intestinal barrier composed of mucus and intestinal epithelium, and 3) the gut microbiota. Selective delivery of drugs, including antigens, immune-modulators, intestinal barrier enhancers, and gut-microbiome manipulators, has shown promising results for oral vaccines, immune tolerance, treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, and other systemic diseases, including cancer. However, physicochemical and biological barriers of the GIT present significant challenges for successful translation. With the advances of novel nanomaterials, oral nanomedicine has emerged as an attractive option to not only overcome these barriers but also to selectively deliver drugs to the target sites in GIT. In this review, we discuss the GIT factors and physicochemical and biological barriers in the GIT. Furthermore, we present the recent progress of oral nanomedicine for oral vaccines, immune tolerance, and anti-inflammation therapies. We also discuss recent advances in oral nanomedicine designed to fortify the intestinal barrier functions and modulate the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. Finally, we opine about the future directions of oral nano-immunotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.