ArticleDiabetologia2022
Exercise facilities and the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the city of Madrid.
Article in Diabetologia, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Socioeconomic inequalities in exposure to neighbourhood environments for physical activity: a systematic review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Pooled it
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Food and Physical Activity Environments and Adult Obesity in the United States: A Multilevel Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Association and Interaction of Neighborhood Environment and Social Factors With Blood Glucose Among Adult Residents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Association of Physical Activity and Socioeconomic Status With Glycaemic Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study Using CGM Data.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Article
- Obesity: Prevalence, causes, consequences, management, preventive strategies and future research directions.Metabolism open · 2025Review
- Adapting the NIMHD Research Framework for Type 2 Diabetes-Related Disparities.Current diabetes reports · 2025Review
- Time above range and no coefficient of variation is associated with diabetic retinopathy in individuals with type 1 diabetes and glycated hemoglobin within target.Acta diabetologica · 2025Article
- Public Health System Funding for isCGM Reduces Socioeconomic Disparities in Type 2 Diabetes Control: A Cohort Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- Equitable Access, Lasting Results: The Influence of Socioeconomic Environment on Bariatric Surgery Outcomes.Obesity surgery · 2025Article
- Realizing the potential of social determinants data in EHR systems: A scoping review of approaches for screening, linkage, extraction, analysis, and interventions.Journal of clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Properties of the Spanish Version of the Place Standard Tool.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
aims/hypothesisWe aimed to study the association between the availability of exercise facilities and the likelihood of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the adult population of Madrid, Spain.
methodsWe analysed the electronic medical records of all 1,270,512 residents of Madrid aged 40-75 years in 2017. Exercise facility availability was defined as the count of exercise facilities in a 1000 m street network buffer around each residential building entrance. Poisson regression with standard errors clustered at census tract level was used to assess prevalence ratios of exercise facility availability tertiles and obesity and type 2 diabetes. We also examined stratified results by tertiles of area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and sex.
resultsPeople living in areas with lower availability of exercise facilities had a higher prevalence of obesity (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.22 [95% CI 1.20, 1.25]) and diabetes (PR 1.38 [95% CI 1.34, 1.43]). We observed effect modification by area-level SES (p<0.001), with stronger associations for residents living in low-SES areas and no association for residents living in high-SES areas. Associations with type 2 diabetes were stronger among women compared with men, while associations with obesity were similar by sex. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationPeople living in areas with low availability of exercise facilities had a higher prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and this association was strongest in low-SES areas and for women. Understanding the potential role of exercise facilities in driving inequities in obesity and type 2 diabetes prevalence may inform interventions to reduce health inequities.
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