Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34708325›Full record

ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2021

Natural History Studies and Clinical Trial Readiness for Genetic Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies.

Elizabeth E Palmer, Katherine Howell, Ingrid E Scheffer

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  5. Review
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  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  12. Clinical signatures of SYNGAP1-related disorders through data integration.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Elizabeth E PalmerSchool of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Katherine HowellDepartment of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Ingrid E SchefferDepartment of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. scheffer@unimelb.edu.au.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute · AURoyal Children's Hospital · AUSydney Children’s Hospitals Network · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are the most severe group of epilepsies. They usually begin in infancy or childhood with drug-resistant seizures, epileptiform EEG patterns, developmental slowing or regression, and cognitive impairment. DEEs have a high mortality and profound morbidity; comorbidities are common including autism spectrum disorders. With advances in genetic sequencing, over 400 genes have been implicated in DEEs, with a genetic cause now identified in over 50% patients. Each genetic DEE typically has a broad genotypic-phenotypic spectrum, based on the underlying pathophysiology. There is a pressing need to improve health outcomes by developing novel targeted therapies for specific genetic DEE phenotypes that not only improve seizure control, but also developmental outcomes and comorbidities. Clinical trial readiness relies firstly on a deep understanding of phenotype-genotype correlation and evolution of a condition over time, in order to select appropriate patients for clinical trials. Understanding the natural history of the disorder informs assessment of treatment efficacy in terms of both clinical outcome and biomarker utility. Natural history studies (NHS) provide a high quality, integrated, comprehensive approach to understanding a complex disease and underpin clinical trial design for novel therapies. NHS are pre-planned observational studies designed to track the course of a disease and identify demographic, genetic, environmental, and other variables, including biomarkers, that correlate with the disease's evolution and outcomes. Due to the rarity of individual genetic DEEs, appropriately funded high-quality DEE NHS will be required, with sustainable frameworks and equitable access to affected individuals globally.

Indexed as

BiomarkersBrain DiseasesClinical Trials as TopicEpilepsyHumansMedical History TakingNeurodevelopmental DisordersBiomarkersBiomarkersClinical outcome assessmentsClinical trialsDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathiesEpilepsyNatural history studies

Identifiers

PMID34708325
PMCPMC8608984
OpenAlexW3208946353

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.