SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2022
Incremental net benefit of lipid-lowering therapy with PCSK9 inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cost-utility studies.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of combining PCSK9 inhibitors with statins on major adverse cardiovascular events and lipid levels in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of Ezetimibe plus statin lipid-lowering therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cost-utility studies.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Landscape Analysis of Literature Using Quantitative Approaches to Synthesize Economic Evaluation Studies: A Scoping Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2026Review
- Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: Epidemiology, Screening, Prevention, and Therapeutic Interventions.MedComm · 2026Review
- Trends of lipid-lowering drug utilization, treatment intensity and LDL-C target attainment in adults with diabetes and non-dialysis chronic kidney disease in Hong Kong.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Cost-Utility Analysis of PCSK9 Inhibitors and Quality of Life: A Two-Year Multicenter Non-Randomized Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Methodology and results of cost-effectiveness of LDL-C lowering with evolocumab in patients with acute myocardial infarction in China.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2023Article
- Clinical potential of inclisiran for patients with a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Review
- Cost-Effectiveness of Icosapent Ethyl, Evolocumab, Alirocumab, Ezetimibe, or Fenofibrate in Combination with Statins Compared to Statin Monotherapy.Clinical drug investigation · 2022Article
- From Dietary Cholesterol to Blood Cholesterol, Physiological Lipid Fluxes, and Cholesterol Homeostasis.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) are monoclonal antibodies that lower lipid levels. Although several cardiovascular outcome trials reported the effectiveness of PCSK9i, the evidence on cost-effectiveness is mixed. We systematically reviewed the evidence and synthesized incremental net benefit (INB) to quantify pooled cost-effectiveness.
methodsWe systematically searched for full economic evaluation studies reporting outcomes of PCSK9i compared with other lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Tufts Registry for eligible studies up to August 2021, adhering to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. We pooled INB in US$ with a 95% confidence interval using a random-effects model. We assessed heterogeneity using the Cochran Q test and I
resultsTwenty-three studies were eligible, mainly from high-income countries (HIC). The pooled INB (INBp) of PCSK9i versus other lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies were estimated from n = 24 comparisons, with high heterogeneity (I
conclusionPCSK9 inhibitors are not cost-effective compared to other lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies in HICs. Further, current pieces of evidence are predominantly from HICs with largely lacking evidence from other economies. PROSPERO REGISTRATION: ID CRD42020206043.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.