Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34707376›Full record

ArticleInfection and drug resistance2021

Bacterial Etiologies of Ear Infection and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: A Six-Year Retrospective Study.

Alem Getaneh, Getnet Ayalew, Debaka Belete, Mohabaw Jemal, Sirak Biset

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  11. Foreign Contaminants Target Brain Health.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2025
    Review
  12. To Study the Microbiological Florae in Patients of Acute Otitis Externa.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2024
    Article
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  18. Biology of recurrent cholesteatoma in a Romanian young patient - a case report.Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alem GetanehDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0003-1608-6737
Getnet AyalewDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-5810-1117
Debaka BeleteDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-4133-7481
Mohabaw JemalDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Sirak BisetDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-1260-1108
University of Gondar · ET

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAn ear infection is responsible for up to 40% of preventable hearing impairment; one of the reasons for frequent and unwise antibiotic usage, especially in the developing world. Since the incidence of antibiotic resistance is increasing, especially in resource-limited countries, up-to-date knowledge on the susceptibility of ear-discharge isolates to antibiotic is important for better patient treatment. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the bacterial etiologies and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles among patients suspected with ear infections.

methodsWe collected retrospective data from bacteriological results of ear discharge samples from 2013 to 2018. Sample collection, culture preparation, and bacterial identification were performed using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. We extracted and inputted the data using Epi-info version 7 and exported it to SPSS version 20 for analysis.

resultsThe overall ear-discharge culture positivity rate was 283/369 (76.7%) (95% CI = 72.4-81.3), with 14/283 (4.95%) mixed infections.

conclusion

Indexed as

antibiotic susceptibilitybacterial etiologiesear infectionEthiopiaGondar

Identifiers

PMID34707376
PMCPMC8542893
OpenAlexW3205360333

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.