ReviewClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2021
Stimulating Tear Production: Spotlight on Neurostimulation.
Review in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Lacrimal gland organoids: A systematic review on development, characterization, molecular profiling and translational potential in dry eye disease.Experimental eye research · 2026Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of varenicline nasal spray for the management of dry eye signs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- Varenicline Solution Nasal Spray for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease in Sjogren's Disease: A Pilot Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Trial
- Redefining Dry Eye Disease Management: Emerging Pharmacologic and Device-Based Therapies in the Era of Precision Care: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Beyond the Ocular Surface: Nasal Sensory Input as a Driver of Reflex Lacrimation in Dogs.Veterinary ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Navigating the path to corneal healing success and challenges: a comprehensive overview.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Varenicline solution nasal spray for dry eye disease in Chinese patients: a randomized phase 3 trial.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- Overview of processed excipients in ocular drug delivery: Opportunities so far and bottlenecks.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Tear Biomarkers and Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Management of Sjogren's Dry Eye Disease-Advances in Ocular Drug Delivery Offering a New Hope.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) affects up to one-third of the global population. Traditional therapies, including topical lubricants, have been employed with variable success in the treatment of DED. Recently, neurostimulation of the lacrimal functional unit (LFU) has emerged as a promising alternative therapy for DED. In this review, we describe the neuroanatomical and pathophysiological considerations of DED and the LFU that make neurostimulation a viable therapeutic alternative. We further detail the various neurostimulatory approaches taken thus far-from implanted stimulators to external devices to chemical neurostimulation. Existing studies reveal the strengths of the neurostimulatory approach in increasing tear volume and improving dry eye symptoms, but further studies are needed to elucidate its true potential in treatment of DED.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.