ArticleCancer research2021
ZIP9 Is a Druggable Determinant of Sex Differences in Melanoma.
Article in Cancer research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex disparities in melanoma stage, recurrence and mortality: A Danish cohort study, 2004 to 2024.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Article
- Testosterone and cancers: biological functions, molecular mechanisms and therapy.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Review
- Zinc Transporter Gene Variants (SLC30A and SLC39A) in Human Disease: From Metal Homeostasis Disruption to Convergent Signaling Pathways.Human mutation · 2026Review
- Androgen receptor signalling in non-prostatic malignancies: challenges and opportunities.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Metal Ion Signaling in Biomedicine.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Androgen drives melanoma invasiveness and metastatic spread by inducing tumorigenic fucosylation.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Low androgen signaling rescues genome integrity with innate immune response by reducing fertility in humans.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling: from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Impact of sex and hypoxia on brain region-specific expression of membrane androgen receptor AR45 in rats.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- CRISPR-screen identifies ZIP9 and dysregulated Zn2+ homeostasis as a cause of cancer-associated changes in glycosylation.Glycobiology · 2023Article
- Stranger Things: New Roles and Opportunities for Androgen Receptor in Oncology Beyond Prostate Cancer.Endocrinology · 2023Review
- ZIP9 mediates the effects of DHT on learning, memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity of male Tfm and APP/PS1 mice.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Cutaneous Melanoma and Hormones: Focus on Sex Differences and the Testis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Human Melanoma Cells Differentially Express RNASEL/RNase-L and miR-146a-5p under Sex Hormonal Stimulation.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
- Diverse role of androgen action in human breast cancer.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Melanoma and most other cancers occur more frequently and have worse prognosis in males compared with females. Although sex steroids are thought to be involved, classical androgen and estrogen receptors are not detectable in most melanomas. Here we show that testosterone promotes melanoma proliferation by activating ZIP9 (SLC39A9), a zinc transporter that is widely expressed in human melanoma but not intentionally targeted by available therapeutics. This testosterone activity required an influx of zinc, activation of MAPK, and nuclear translocation of YAP. FDA-approved inhibitors of the classical androgen receptor also inhibited ZIP9, thereby antagonizing the protumorigenic effects of testosterone in melanoma. In male mice, androgen receptor inhibitors suppressed growth of ZIP9-expressing melanomas but had no effect on isogenic melanomas lacking ZIP9 or on melanomas in females. These data suggest that ZIP9 might be effectively targeted in melanoma and other cancers by repurposing androgen receptor inhibitors that are currently approved only for prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Testosterone signaling through ZIP9 mediates some of the sex differences in melanoma, and drugs that target AR can be repurposed to block ZIP9 and inhibit melanoma in males.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.